归来庄金矿避难硐室环控装备研究与应用
发布时间：2018-08-22 09:32
【摘要】：为改善我国非煤矿山救援装备,提高矿山安全防护水平与应急救援能力,论文针对山东黄金归来庄金矿基本概况,确定了该矿井下避难硐室的功能定位及技术指标,研究了硐室内部环控系统组成,提出了针对水灾防护型避难硐室应用的紧急排气系统与紧急排水系统。为我国非煤矿山避难硐室的设计及相关标准规范的制定提供了重要依据。通过单因素与正交实验,研究了药剂粒径、长度、NaOH、水分及添加剂等因素对钠石灰吸附性能的影响,确定了新型CO2吸附剂的最佳配方及成型工艺。设计研发了一种避难硐室用多驱动方式空气净化装置,该装置采用矿井压风、蓄电池及人力作为动力源,包括气动模式、电动模式及手摇模式,通过Fluent数值模拟对净化器在三种运行模式下的流态进行了分析,并通过实验验证模拟结果真实可靠。基于未反应核模型建立了钠石灰吸附CO2反应动力学模型,通过该模型对反应速率影响因素进行了理论分析。论文对蓄冰制冷系统的技术参数及内部结构进行了研究,提出了蓄冰空调最低循环风速的计算公式,通过实验测试了蓄冰箱的制冷性能,分析了不同剩余冰量对制冷功率的影响。通过实验研究了进气压力、环境温度及热阀开度等操作参数对涡流管基本性能的影响规律,确定了涡流管在硐室内的应用组合方式,并进行了降噪设计处理。通过对超氧化钾化学反应特性进行实验研究,建立了超氧化钾反应动力学模型,并对其化学反应机理进行了阐述,针对超氧化钾药片易烧结、融化、利用率低、初始反应速率慢、难以匹配人体呼吸熵等问题进行了优化研究,提出了新型空气再生装置。通过井下避难硐室50人48小时载人试验验证了硐室内部系统及环控装备运行的可靠性及稳定性,分析了硐室内部环境参数及人员活动状态,得出了人体在不同活动状态、不同时段及不同氧气浓度下的耗氧量、CO2产生量及呼吸熵等人体生存参数,确定了满足避险人员生存所需的最小压风量,为紧急避险等相关标准规范的制定提供了试验依据。
[Abstract]:In order to improve the rescue equipment of non-coal mines in China and to improve the level of mine safety protection and emergency rescue ability, the paper determines the function orientation and technical index of the underground refuge chamber in Jinxiuzhuang Gold Mine, Shandong Province, in view of the basic situation of the gold mine. The composition of indoor environmental control system is studied, and the emergency exhaust system and emergency drainage system for flood protection shelter are put forward. It provides an important basis for the design of shelter chamber in non-coal mines and the formulation of relevant standards and regulations. By single factor and orthogonal experiment, the effects of particle size, length of CO2, moisture and additives on the adsorption properties of sodium lime were studied. The optimum formulation and molding process of the new CO2 adsorbent were determined. A multi-drive air purifying device for shelter chamber is designed and developed. The device uses mine air pressure, storage battery and manpower as power source, including pneumatic mode, electric mode and hand mode. The flow patterns of the purifier under three operation modes are analyzed by Fluent numerical simulation, and the experimental results are verified to be true and reliable. Based on the unreacted kernel model, the kinetic model of sodium lime adsorption CO2 reaction was established, and the influencing factors of reaction rate were analyzed theoretically. In this paper, the technical parameters and internal structure of the ice storage refrigeration system are studied, and the formula for calculating the minimum circulating wind speed of the ice storage air conditioning system is put forward, and the refrigeration performance of the storage refrigerator is tested through experiments. The influence of different amount of residual ice on refrigeration power is analyzed. The effects of inlet pressure, ambient temperature and the opening of hot valve on the basic performance of vortex tube are studied experimentally. The application and combination of vortex tube in the chamber are determined, and the noise reduction design is carried out. Based on the experimental study of the chemical reaction characteristics of potassium superoxide, a kinetic model of the reaction of potassium superoxide is established, and its chemical reaction mechanism is expounded. In view of the easy sintering, melting and low utilization rate of potassium superoxide tablets, The problems of slow initial reaction rate and difficulty in matching human respiratory entropy were studied and a new type of air regeneration device was proposed. The reliability and stability of the indoor system and environmental control equipment are verified by 48 hours manned test of 50 people in the underground refuge chamber. The environmental parameters of the chamber and the movement state of the personnel are analyzed, and the human body is in different active states. The survival parameters such as CO _ 2 production and respiratory entropy of oxygen consumption in different periods and different oxygen concentrations have been determined, and the minimum pressure and air volume to meet the survival needs of safe havens has been determined, which provides an experimental basis for the establishment of relevant standards and specifications for emergency risk avoidance and so on.
【学位授予单位】：北京科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD774
本文编号：2196701
[Abstract]:In order to improve the rescue equipment of non-coal mines in China and to improve the level of mine safety protection and emergency rescue ability, the paper determines the function orientation and technical index of the underground refuge chamber in Jinxiuzhuang Gold Mine, Shandong Province, in view of the basic situation of the gold mine. The composition of indoor environmental control system is studied, and the emergency exhaust system and emergency drainage system for flood protection shelter are put forward. It provides an important basis for the design of shelter chamber in non-coal mines and the formulation of relevant standards and regulations. By single factor and orthogonal experiment, the effects of particle size, length of CO2, moisture and additives on the adsorption properties of sodium lime were studied. The optimum formulation and molding process of the new CO2 adsorbent were determined. A multi-drive air purifying device for shelter chamber is designed and developed. The device uses mine air pressure, storage battery and manpower as power source, including pneumatic mode, electric mode and hand mode. The flow patterns of the purifier under three operation modes are analyzed by Fluent numerical simulation, and the experimental results are verified to be true and reliable. Based on the unreacted kernel model, the kinetic model of sodium lime adsorption CO2 reaction was established, and the influencing factors of reaction rate were analyzed theoretically. In this paper, the technical parameters and internal structure of the ice storage refrigeration system are studied, and the formula for calculating the minimum circulating wind speed of the ice storage air conditioning system is put forward, and the refrigeration performance of the storage refrigerator is tested through experiments. The influence of different amount of residual ice on refrigeration power is analyzed. The effects of inlet pressure, ambient temperature and the opening of hot valve on the basic performance of vortex tube are studied experimentally. The application and combination of vortex tube in the chamber are determined, and the noise reduction design is carried out. Based on the experimental study of the chemical reaction characteristics of potassium superoxide, a kinetic model of the reaction of potassium superoxide is established, and its chemical reaction mechanism is expounded. In view of the easy sintering, melting and low utilization rate of potassium superoxide tablets, The problems of slow initial reaction rate and difficulty in matching human respiratory entropy were studied and a new type of air regeneration device was proposed. The reliability and stability of the indoor system and environmental control equipment are verified by 48 hours manned test of 50 people in the underground refuge chamber. The environmental parameters of the chamber and the movement state of the personnel are analyzed, and the human body is in different active states. The survival parameters such as CO _ 2 production and respiratory entropy of oxygen consumption in different periods and different oxygen concentrations have been determined, and the minimum pressure and air volume to meet the survival needs of safe havens has been determined, which provides an experimental basis for the establishment of relevant standards and specifications for emergency risk avoidance and so on.
【学位授予单位】：北京科技大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD774
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 张为;赵宏伟;杨明;贺超;;煤矿避难硐室设计研究[J];建井技术;2011年04期
，本文编号：2196701
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