RAMS的安全例证分析与应用

发布时间：2018-08-22 09:48

【摘要】：随着我国经济发展的需要,铁路经多次提速,规模越来越大,铁路产品的现代化、大型化和复杂化程度得到极大的提高,故障发生后给人类社会造成的危害也越来越严重,因此,对轨道交通系统的安全性提出了更高要求。列车运行控制系统LKJ作为轨道交通系统中的控制列车两冒一超的重要设备,已成为列车车载运行信息中心,在列车运行过程中起中流砥柱的作用,其可靠水平直接关系到列车的安全运行,对LKJ设计进行RAMS的分析十分必要。本文依照EN50126、EN50128、EN50129安全标准,将RAMS管理引入到LKJ设计开发中,对列车运行监控系统的可靠性、可用性、可维修性以及安全性进行系统的管理,进行RAMS的安全例证分析。首先,分别计算系统、子系统和设备的可容忍风险率,确定产品安全完整性等级水平；其次,分析LKJ系统的RBD框图,确定系统的逻辑关系,并依据生命周期不同阶段的技术和措施,对生命周期的每个阶段进行安全管理,规范LKJ的设计流程；最后,在功能和技术层面规范产品设计活动,保证安全相关系统的安全性。本文主要采用故障模式影响及危害分析(FMECA)自下而上地分析每一种单因素可能的故障后果,系统地分析LKJ系统的故障模式影响及危害性,并将其可能的故障模式按严重程度分类,以便采取改进措施；故障树(FTA)自上而下的深入到故障的组合关系,分析系统可能产生的危害,追溯系统失效的根源。FMECA是FTA的一种准备,FTA是FMECA的发展和补充。结合实际使用过程中反馈的数据,使用危害与可操作分析(HAZOP)将反馈回来的数据进行危害分析,减小危害。最后,对全文的总结和不足之处的下一步工作展望。
[Abstract]:With the need of our country's economic development, the railway has been increasing speed many times, the scale is getting larger and larger, the modernization, the large-scale and the complication degree of the railway products have been greatly improved, and the harm to the human society caused by the failure has become more and more serious. Therefore, the safety of rail transit system put forward higher requirements. The train operation control system (LKJ), as an important equipment in the rail transit system, has become the information center of train on-board operation and plays an important role in the train operation. Its reliability level is directly related to the safe operation of the train. It is necessary to analyze the RAMS of LKJ design. According to EN50126 / EN50128 / EN50129 safety standard, this paper introduces RAMS management into the design and development of LKJ, manages the reliability, availability, maintainability and security of train operation monitoring system, and analyzes the safety example of RAMS. Firstly, the tolerable risk rate of system, subsystem and equipment is calculated, and the level of product safety integrity is determined. Secondly, the RBD block diagram of LKJ system is analyzed to determine the logical relationship of the system. According to the technology and measures of different stages of the life cycle, the security management of each stage of the life cycle is carried out, and the design process of LKJ is standardized. Finally, the product design activities are standardized at the functional and technical levels to ensure the safety of the safety-related systems. In this paper, (FMECA) is used to analyze the possible failure consequences of each single factor from the bottom up, and the influence and harmfulness of the failure modes of LKJ system are systematically analyzed, and the possible fault modes are classified according to the severity. In order to take the improvement measures, the fault tree (FTA) from top to bottom goes deep into the fault combination relationship, analyzes the possible harm of the system, and traces the root cause of the system failure .FMECA is a kind of preparation for FTA is the development and supplement of FMECA. Combined with the feedback data in practical use, the hazard analysis and operational analysis (HAZOP) will be used to analyze the hazards of the feedback data, so as to reduce the harm. Finally, the summary of the full text and the shortcomings of the next work prospects.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U284.48;U298

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