地质构造对平顶山矿区煤与瓦斯突出的主控作用研究

发布时间：2018-08-25 15:24

【摘要】：煤与瓦斯突出是井工煤矿危害极大的自然灾害,严重威胁着矿工的生命和煤矿安全生产。研究煤与瓦斯突出与地质构造的关系一直是瓦斯地质工作的重要内容,也是煤矿制定瓦斯突出预防措施的重要基础。平顶山矿区地质构造复杂,煤与瓦斯突出灾害严重,而煤与瓦斯突出构造控制作用及控制规律仍不明确。本文以煤与瓦斯突出综合作用假说为基础,从地应力、煤层瓦斯和煤的物理力学性质三因素出发,运用瓦斯地质学、岩石力学、构造地质学和统计学等多学科研究方法,采用现场观测调查、实验室试验、数值模拟分析、理论分析相结合的研究手段,以构造控制为主线,在全面系统研究分析平顶山矿区地应力、构造煤、煤层瓦斯分布及其地质构造控制作用的基础上,揭示了地质构造对煤与瓦斯突出的主控作用。研究成果有助于进一步揭示煤与瓦斯突出地质构造控制机理,对指导矿区煤与瓦斯突出防治工作具有重要现实意义。取得的主要成果如下:(1)揭示了构造演化对矿区构造和煤层瓦斯形成的控制作用,厘清了矿区、矿井和采掘工作面三级构造,将平顶山矿区划分为七个构造区。(2)揭示了矿区地应力分布和构造控制规律。将矿区地应力划分为东部高构造应力区、中部构造应力区和西部垂直应力区;东部高构造应力区主要受控于矿区东部的逆冲推覆褶皱断裂构造,中部构造应力区构造简单,西部垂直应力区主要受控于锅底山断裂。(3)揭示了矿区构造煤分布和构造控制规律。研究了褶曲构造和切层断层对构造煤形成的控制作用,揭示了矿区戊组、己组煤层构造煤分布具有多层性、选层性和分区分带性的构造成因。(4)从地质构造的角度揭示了平顶山矿区瓦斯赋存特征。矿区西、中、东部构造特征的差异控制着矿区瓦斯总体分布的差异,矿区东部NWW-NW向构造尤其褶曲构造较西部发育,是矿区瓦斯赋存整体表现为东高西低的主要原因。(5)从地应力、构造煤和煤层瓦斯三因素及构造控制出发,研究了地质构造对矿区煤与瓦斯突出的主控作用,揭示了地质构造对煤与瓦斯突出的控制机制,提出了六种矿区煤与瓦斯突出地质构造控制类型,划分为七个瓦斯地质单元,解释了矿区煤与瓦斯突出分区分带和选层性特征,进行了未采区煤与瓦斯突出危险性预测。
[Abstract]:Coal and gas outburst is a dangerous natural disaster in coal mines, which threatens the lives of miners and the safety of coal mines. The study of the relationship between coal and gas outburst and geological structure has always been an important part of gas geological work, and is also an important basis for coal mine to formulate preventive measures for gas outburst. The geological structure of Pingdingshan mining area is complex and the disaster of coal and gas outburst is serious, but the control action and control law of coal and gas outburst structure are still unclear. Based on the hypothesis of the comprehensive action of coal and gas outburst, this paper, based on the three factors of ground stress, coal seam gas and coal physical and mechanical properties, applies multi-disciplinary research methods, such as gas geology, rock mechanics, structural geology and statistics, etc. By means of field observation investigation, laboratory test, numerical simulation analysis and theoretical analysis, taking structure control as the main line, the ground stress and tectonic coal in Pingdingshan mining area are studied and analyzed in a comprehensive and systematic way. On the basis of the distribution of coal seam gas and the controlling effect of geological structure, the main control effect of geological structure on coal and gas outburst is revealed. The research results are helpful to further reveal the geological structure control mechanism of coal and gas outburst and have important practical significance to guide the prevention and control of coal and gas outburst in mining area. The main achievements are as follows: (1) the control effect of tectonic evolution on structure and gas formation of coal seam is revealed, and the tertiary structure of mining area, mine and mining face is clarified. Pingdingshan mining area is divided into seven tectonic areas. (2) the distribution of in-situ stress and tectonic control law are revealed. The geostress in the mining area is divided into the eastern high tectonic stress zone, the central tectonic stress region and the western vertical stress zone, the eastern high tectonic stress zone is mainly controlled by the thrust nappe fold fault structure in the eastern part of the mining area, and the central tectonic stress zone is simple in structure. The vertical stress zone in the west is mainly controlled by the Guodieshan fault. (3) the distribution of tectonic coal and the tectonic control law in the mining area are revealed. The controlling effect of fold structure and tangent fault on the formation of tectonic coal is studied, and it is revealed that the distribution of structural coal in coal seam of formation No. The tectonic origin of stratification and zonation. (4) the characteristics of gas occurrence in Pingdingshan mining area are revealed from the point of view of geological structure. The difference of tectonic characteristics in the west, middle and east of the mining area controls the difference of the overall distribution of gas in the mining area. The NWW-NW trending structure, especially the fold structure in the east of the mining area is more developed than that in the west, which is the main reason for the gas occurrence in the mining area as a whole is low in the east, high in the west and low in the west. Based on three factors of tectonic coal and coal seam gas and tectonic control, the main control effect of geological structure on coal and gas outburst in mining area is studied, and the control mechanism of geological structure on coal and gas outburst is revealed. Six types of geological structure control of coal and gas outburst in mining area are put forward, which are divided into seven gas geological units. The zoning and stratification characteristics of coal and gas outburst in mining area are explained, and the danger of coal and gas outburst in unmined area is predicted.
【学位授予单位】：河南理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TD713
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本文编号：2203305