随弃式自吸过滤式颗粒物防护呼吸器汗液影响失效分析

发布时间：2018-09-05 20:51

【摘要】：随弃式自吸过滤式呼吸器随着产品标准的提升在我国的发展十分迅速。采用纺粘喷熔工艺制成驻极体无纺布滤料有过滤效率高呼吸阻力小的特点。呼吸器适合性技术在我国也已受到关注。但我国呼吸器佩戴者的作业环境仍待改善,呼吸器在污染物和汗液影响下后是否仍能为劳动者提供防护,这方面的研究尚待完善。鉴于随弃式自吸过滤呼吸器种类繁多,参照GB2626-2006标准对于呼吸器过滤效率的测试方法,测试了目前主流品牌口罩的性能差异,并选择性能最优的产品作为选定样本,进行后续研究。实验将选定样本完全浸润人工汗液,并测试不同浸润时间样本的过滤效率变化。同时测试未浸润呼吸器与被完全浸润呼吸的适合性差异。并通过实验估算了汗液浸润时间与呼吸器更换时间的关系。实验结果表明,当呼吸器在被汗液浸润后,随着浸润时间的延长,过滤效率出现显著下降。在8h浸润后,其最大穿透率已经接近标准要求的下限值。同时呼吸器适合性性能也因为汗液附着于滤料导致呼吸阻力上升,使得适合因数显著下降。通过实验模拟得出结论,佩戴者在高劳动强度以及高温高湿工作环境下,呼吸器性能,尤其是适合性受到汗液影响显著,呼吸器浸润超过4h后,其呼吸阻力增加明显,应考虑提前更换呼吸器,或减小劳动强度,增加休息时间,并避免汗液对于随弃式呼吸器的过多浸润影响。同时对于呼吸器管理优选方法进行了推荐,对目前呼吸器管理上的岗位职责分配合理性进行了分析。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of product standards, disposable self-suction filter respirators are developing rapidly in China. Electret non-woven filter material made by spunbonded spray-melting process has the characteristics of high filtration efficiency and low respiratory resistance. Respirator suitability technology has also been paid attention to in our country. However, the working environment of the wearer of respirator in our country still needs to be improved, and the study on whether the respirator can still provide protection for the laborer under the influence of pollutants and sweat remains to be improved. In view of the wide variety of disposable self-suction filter respirators, referring to the GB2626-2006 standard for testing the filtering efficiency of respirators, the performance differences of the current mainstream brand masks were tested, and the best performance products were selected as the selected samples. Carry out a follow-up study. Samples were selected to fully infiltrate artificial sweat, and the filtration efficiency of samples with different infiltration time was tested. At the same time, the suitability of uninfiltrated respirator and fully infiltrated breathing was tested. The relationship between perspiration infiltration time and respirator replacement time was estimated by experiments. The experimental results showed that the filtration efficiency decreased significantly with the increase of soaking time when the respirator was soaked in sweat. After 8 h infiltration, the maximum penetration rate is close to the lower limit required by the standard. At the same time, the adaptability of respirator is also due to the increase of respiratory resistance caused by perspiration attached to the filter material, which makes the fitness factor decrease significantly. The experimental results show that under the conditions of high labor intensity and high temperature and humidity, the performance of respirator, especially its suitability, is significantly affected by sweat, and the respiratory resistance of the wearer increases significantly after being soaked for more than 4 hours. We should consider changing respirator in advance, reducing labor intensity, increasing rest time, and avoiding excessive infiltration of perspiration on disposable respirator. At the same time, the author recommended the method of superior selection of respirator management, and analyzed the rationality of post responsibility assignment in the management of respirator at present.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TD774

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