山区镇域山洪灾害危险性分区研究——以跳石镇为例

发布时间：2018-09-10 09:17

【摘要】：山洪对山区人们的生命和财产安全构成了严重的威胁,近年来的一系列山洪灾害造成了重大的人员伤亡和财产损失,严重制约了山区社会经济的可持续发展。以重庆市巴南区跳石镇为研究范围,针对山区镇域山洪灾害的形成特点,构建了由微地貌类型、地形坡位、汇流累积量和植被覆盖度等组成的山区镇域山洪危险分区指标体系,并在Arc GIS平台支持下,通过相应方法获取研究区危险分区指标数据,利用建立的镇域山洪危险分区模型计算得到各评价网格单元山洪危险综合指数并据此进行了综合分区。研究结果表明:跳石镇山洪灾害以低危险和中危险等级为主,分别占总面积的40.12%和34.23%,而中危险区和高危险区共占总面积的47.37%;居民房屋位于中危险和高危险区范围内的面积达846427.9 m2,占房屋总面积的45.40%;在汛期,跳石镇防治山洪的任务较繁重。研究成果可为跳石镇的山洪灾害防灾减灾提供决策依据,同时也可为山区镇域山洪灾害危险分区提供理论参考。
[Abstract]:Mountain torrents pose a serious threat to the safety of people's lives and property in mountain areas. In recent years, a series of mountain torrents have caused heavy casualties and property losses, which seriously restricted the sustainable development of social economy in mountain areas. In view of the forming characteristics of mountain flood disaster in the mountainous area, a dangerous zonation index system of mountain town area mountain torrents is constructed, which is composed of microgeomorphology type, topographic slope position, accumulation of confluence and vegetation coverage, in view of the research scope of Jaoshi Town, Bannan City, Chongqing Municipality. With the support of Arc GIS platform, the index data of dangerous zoning in the study area are obtained by the corresponding method, and the comprehensive index of mountain flood risk of each evaluation grid unit is calculated by using the established zonal model of mountain flood hazard in the town area and the comprehensive zoning is carried out accordingly. The results show that mountain torrents in Jiaoshi Town are mainly of low and medium hazard grades. 40.12% of the total area and 34.23% of the total area were occupied by the middle and high risk areas, respectively, and 47.37 percent of the total area was in the middle and high risk areas, and the area of the residential houses in the middle and high risk areas was 846427.9 m2, accounting for 45.40 percent of the total housing area. In the flood season, the task of preventing and controlling mountain floods in the town of Jiaoshi was heavy. The research results can provide the decision basis for mountain torrents disaster prevention and mitigation in the town of Jiaoshi, and also provide theoretical reference for the mountain town area mountain flood disaster risk zoning.
【作者单位】：重庆交通大学水利水运工程教育部重点实验室;重庆交通大学河海学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41071017) 西部交通科技项目(2009318221035) 重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTC2011JJA30012) 2013年重庆高校创新团队建设计划资助项目(KJTD201305)
【分类号】：X43

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