地震作用下高速列车的安全性影响

发布时间：2018-09-10 09:53

【摘要】：随着高速铁路在世界各地的迅速发展,车辆-轨道-桥梁耦合振动研究越来越引起大家的关心。随之而来列车的安全性和平稳性也受到大家的关注。由于高速铁路的特点,高速铁路沿线的桥梁比重占的越来越大。当地震来临时,车辆行驶在桥梁上的几率就会加大。同时我国又是地震多发国家,平均每三年发生两次七级以上地震,我国现在又大力发展高速铁路的建设。因此,为了防止发生地震时,列车行驶脱轨事故的发生,研究地震作用下车辆-轨道-桥梁三者耦合振动的安全性和平稳性变得非常重要。 (1)考虑车体、两个转向架、四个轮对共10个自由度的二维车辆模型,并推导车辆运动方程；通过虚功原理得出轨道和桥梁的运动方程；利用大质量法模拟地震动输入；以ansys为平台研究地震作用下车辆通过桥梁时的车辆、轨道、桥梁动力响应。 (2)考虑车体、两个转向架、四个轮对共27个自由度的三维车辆模型,并推导车辆的运动方程；轨道选取无砟轨道型式,并分为左半无限单元、中心单元、右半无限单元；通过虚功原理得出轨道和桥梁的运动方程；车辆轮对和轨道的耦合关系通过相互接触的几何相容性和相互作用力平衡得到,之后通过动力压缩自由度的方法得到相互作用单元,从而实现车辆-轨道-桥梁三者之间的耦合关系。地震荷载采用大质量法输入于系统中。 (3)车辆在无地震荷载作用下通过桥梁时,针对行车速度不同、车辆双线行驶的两种情况,分析车辆-轨道-桥梁系统的动力响应。 (4)在有无地震条件下,研究车辆-轨道-桥梁系统的动力响应；研究车辆的安全性和平稳性,包括车辆的轮重减载率、脱轨系数、车体竖向加速度、车体横向水平加速度、桥梁竖向位移和加速度、桥梁横向位移和加速度。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of high-speed railway in the world, the research of vehicle-track-bridge coupling vibration has attracted more and more attention. The safety and smoothness of the train are also concerned by everyone. Because of the characteristics of high-speed railway, the proportion of bridges along high-speed railway is more and more. When an earthquake strikes, the chances of vehicles driving on bridges increase. At the same time, China is an earthquake-prone country, with an average of two earthquakes with magnitude 7 or more occurring every three years. Therefore, in order to prevent train derailment from occurring during earthquake, it is very important to study the safety and stability of vehicle-track bridge coupling vibration under earthquake. (1) considering the car body, two bogies, The 2-D vehicle model with 10 degrees of freedom in four wheelsets is used to deduce the motion equation of the vehicle, the motion equations of track and bridge are obtained by the principle of virtual work, and the input of ground motion is simulated by the method of large mass. The dynamic response of vehicle, track and bridge under seismic action is studied by using ansys as a platform. (2) considering the vehicle body, two bogies and four wheelsets, a three-dimensional vehicle model with 27 degrees of freedom is considered. The equations of motion of the vehicle are deduced, the type of ballastless track is selected, and the track is divided into left half infinite element, center element and right half infinite element, and the motion equation of track and bridge is obtained by the principle of virtual work. The coupling relationship between vehicle wheelsets and track is obtained by the geometric compatibility of contact and the balance of interaction forces, and then the interaction element is obtained by the method of dynamic compression degree of freedom. Thus, the coupling relationship between vehicle, track and bridge can be realized. The large mass method is used to input the seismic load into the system. (3) when a vehicle passes through a bridge without seismic load, it aims at two situations where the speed of the vehicle is different and the vehicle is running on both lines. The dynamic response of vehicle-track bridge system is analyzed. (4) the dynamic response of vehicle-track bridge system is studied under the condition of earthquake or not, and the safety and stability of vehicle, including the wheel load reduction rate of vehicle, are studied. Derailment coefficient, vertical acceleration of the car body, horizontal acceleration of the car body, vertical displacement and acceleration of the bridge, lateral displacement and acceleration of the bridge.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U298.1;U270.11

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