农村公路安全保障系统关键技术研究与应用

发布时间：2018-10-19 20:03

【摘要】：摘要：近几年随着国家对三农扶持政策的不断推出，农村经济遇到千载难逢的发展良机，发展速度突飞猛进。农村公路对农村经济发展的重要性不言而喻，它是农村经济发展的重要基石，只有农村公路安全、畅通、高效的运转，农村经济才会迅猛发展，三农问题才能得到最终解决。但我国农村公路设计等级、技术标准普遍偏低，规划建设往往跟不上交通增长需求；农村公路长期先建后养的模式，，交通安全配套设施落后于建设进程，建设资金和养护管理维修资金不足；加之农村公路事故隐患存在较多，我国农村公路交通安全形势不容乐观。为降低农村公路交通事故率、改善交通安全状况，探索与农村公路相适应的安全保障工程新理念、新技术、新方法，构建农村公路安全保障体系，寻求农村公路安全保障系统建设的有效途径势在必行。因此，考虑到目前我国农村公路交通安全形势严峻、农村公路安全保障系统形式单一、实施安全保障工程盲目、在农村公路安全保障系统设计方法与对策方面缺少能够直接指导工程技术人员的研究成果等一系列实际问题，本文系统性的对农村公路安全保障系统设施综合应用、农村公路常态条件下安全保障引导防护、农村公路突发事件下安全保障应急响应三方面关键技术进行分析研究，从“人、车、路”平衡角度出发，建立相对完善的农村公路安全保障系统。本文的主要研究内容如下：（1）基于大系统论的农村公路安全保障系统理论体系研究基于大系统理论，结合我国农村公路环境、交通、道路特点，从“人、车、路及环境”平衡角度系统地定义农村公路安全保障系统，构建适合我国农村公路交通特点的安全保障理论体系，内容包括农村公路安全设施综合应用、常态条件下安全保障引导防护、突发事件下安全保障应急响应三方面关键技术和系统化评价体系。（2）乡村道路安保系统关键技术的研究对农村公路安全保障系统设施综合应用技术进行了系统研究，提出农村公路安全保障设施的选用方案；基于人、车、路、环境等交通安全影响因素，综合人机工程学等理论，提出了农村公路常态条件下安全保障引导防护技术；研究农村公路突发事件内容、特征及影响因素等，提出了基于交通事故、特殊天气的农村公路突发事件下安全保障应急响应技术；（3）建立系统化的农村公路安全保障系统评价体系，基于农村公路大系统理论，结合农村公路发展前景及安全保障技术研究，从人、车、路、管理等方面选择若干指标，构建农村公路安全保障系统化评价指标体系，建立农村公路安全保障方案选择层次结构模型及安全保障工程评价与分析模型，进而实现安全保障工程系统化评价。
[Abstract]:Absrtact: in recent years, with the continuous introduction of the national policy to support rural areas and farmers, the rural economy has encountered a golden opportunity to develop, and the speed of development has increased by leaps and bounds. The importance of rural highway to the development of rural economy is self-evident. It is an important cornerstone of rural economic development. Only when the rural road runs safely, smoothly and efficiently, can the rural economy develop rapidly and the problems of agriculture, rural areas and farmers can be solved finally. However, the design level of rural roads in China is generally low, the technical standards are generally low, and the planning and construction are often unable to keep up with the demand for traffic growth; in the mode of long-term construction and maintenance of rural highways, traffic safety supporting facilities lag behind the construction process. In addition, there are many hidden dangers in rural highway accidents, so the traffic safety situation of rural roads in China is not optimistic. In order to reduce the accident rate of rural highway traffic, improve the traffic safety situation, explore the new concept, new technology and new method of the safety guarantee engineering, and construct the rural highway safety guarantee system. It is imperative to find an effective way to build rural highway safety guarantee system. Therefore, considering the severe traffic safety situation of rural highways in our country, the single form of rural highway safety support system, and the blind implementation of safety and security projects, There are a series of practical problems in the design method and countermeasure of rural highway safety guarantee system, which can directly guide the engineers and technicians. This paper systematically applies the rural highway safety guarantee system facilities. Under the normal condition of the rural highway, the key technologies of guiding and protecting the safety guarantee and the emergency response to the emergency of the rural highway are analyzed and studied, and the balance of "person, car, road" is analyzed and studied. Set up relatively perfect rural highway safety guarantee system. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the theoretical system of rural highway safety and security system based on the large system theory, based on the large-scale system theory, combined with the rural road environment, traffic, road characteristics, from the "people," The vehicle, road and environment "balance angle systematically defines the rural highway safety guarantee system, and constructs the safety guarantee theory system suitable for the characteristics of rural highway traffic in China, including the comprehensive application of rural highway safety facilities." Under normal conditions, security, guidance and protection, Three key technologies and systematic evaluation system of safety and security emergency response under emergency. (2) the research of key technology of rural road security system should be applied to the synthesis of rural road safety and security system facilities. A systematic study has been carried out by means of technology. Based on the influence factors of traffic safety, such as human, vehicle, road, environment and so on, and synthesizing the theory of ergonomics, this paper puts forward the guiding and protecting technology of safety guarantee under the normal condition of rural highway. This paper studies the contents, characteristics and influencing factors of rural highway emergencies, and puts forward the emergency response technology for rural highway emergencies based on traffic accidents and special weather. (3) setting up a systematic evaluation system of rural highway safety guarantee system, based on the theory of rural highway large-scale system, combining with the research of rural highway development prospect and safety guarantee technology, from people, cars, roads, In the aspects of management and other aspects, this paper selects some indexes, constructs the systematic evaluation index system of rural highway safety guarantee, establishes the hierarchy structure model of rural highway safety guarantee scheme selection and the evaluation and analysis model of safety guarantee project. And then realize systematic evaluation of safety and security engineering.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U492.8

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