邯钢三炼钢厂职业危害风险分析与控制措施研究
发布时间：2018-11-23 11:28
【摘要】：工作人员在操作活动中受到有毒物品侵害或遭遇不同种的安全事故而造成伤害人生健康及安全的危害称为职业危害。直接职业危害指的是工作人员在生产过程中因受到有毒有害的物品侵害或遇到各种不安全因素而导致劳动者的身体健康受到损害甚至危及生命的现象。冶金钢铁行业的职业危害有粉尘、毒物、高温、振动、噪声。粉尘浓度超标和大量的患病人数是导致粉尘发病率高的直接原因。职业危害的发生后不仅会直接损害劳动者的身体健康甚至会危及生命安全,而且还会影响整个社会的安全以及稳定,甚至会损害我国在国际中的形象,因此必须高度重视职业危害的防治工作。三炼钢厂是邯钢公司主体生产厂,成立于1994年,承负着公司生产中心环节和钢后品质增效的重要任务。现有4座100吨顶底复吹转炉、4座LF精炼炉、1座双工位RH真空精炼炉、2台板坯连铸机、1台8机8流方坯连铸机,具备年产合格连铸坯400万吨的能力。本文以邯钢三炼钢厂为研究对象,对生产过程中的职业危害进行了风险分析。通过对总体布局和生产工艺、设备布局进行分析检查,了解在总体布局、生主工艺和设备等方面与国家有关规范是否符合。通过对各个工种和各个作业场的职业危害因素进行了辨识可知,主要的危害因素有一氧化碳中毒、粉尘、高温、噪声、电离辐射等。对各个作业场所职业危害作业进行了分级。作业场所粉尘作业分级为0级(相对无害作业);1#转炉炉前、1#转炉主控室、烤包、1#LF精炼炉、1#LF精炼炉主控室有毒作业分级为Ⅲ级(重度危害作业),方坯连铸平台有毒作业分级为0级(相对无害作业);切割机以外的其他地点噪声作业为0级安全作业,切割机作业为Ⅰ级轻度危害;1#LF精炼炉为Ⅳ级极重度危害作业,转炉炉前、烤包、方坯连铸平台、钢坯存放区均为Ⅰ级轻度危害作业,连铸板二浇钢平台、切割机未达到轻度危害作业(Ⅰ级)。根据分析结果和生产工艺实际,制定了预防爆气泄漏中毒、防尘、防燥、防高温等职业安全控制措施。
[Abstract]:It is called occupational hazard that staff members are harmed by toxic substances or suffered different kinds of safety accidents in operation activities, which cause harm to life health and safety. Direct occupational hazard refers to the phenomenon that workers' physical health is damaged or even their lives are endangered due to the injury of toxic and harmful substances or various unsafe factors in the process of production. The occupational hazards of metallurgical steel industry include dust, poison, high temperature, vibration and noise. Excessive dust concentration and a large number of patients are the direct causes of high dust incidence. The occurrence of occupational hazards will not only directly damage the physical health of workers and even endanger the safety of their lives, but also affect the safety and stability of the whole society, and even damage the image of our country in the international community. Therefore, we must attach great importance to the prevention and control of occupational hazards. The No.3 steelmaking Plant is the main production plant of Handan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., which was established in 1994. It is responsible for the important task of the production center of Handan Iron and Steel Co. There are 4 100t top and bottom combined blowing converters, 4 LF refining furnaces, 1 double station RH vacuum refining furnace, 2 slab caster, 1 8 machine 8 flow billet continuous casting machine, with the capacity of 4 million tons of qualified continuous casting billet per year. Taking No.3 steelmaking Plant of Handan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd as the research object, the risk analysis of occupational hazards in production process is carried out in this paper. Through the overall layout and production process, equipment layout analysis and inspection, to understand the overall layout, main production process and equipment and other aspects of compliance with the relevant national norms. Based on the identification of occupational hazard factors in various work types and workplaces, it can be seen that the main hazard factors are carbon monoxide poisoning, dust, high temperature, noise, ionizing radiation and so on. The occupational hazard operations in each workplace were classified. The grade of dust work in the workplace is 0 (relatively harmless); In front of the converter, the toxic operation of the main control room of the 1# converter, the roasting bag, the 1#LF refining furnace and the 1#LF refining furnace is classified as grade 鈪，
本文编号：2351428
[Abstract]:It is called occupational hazard that staff members are harmed by toxic substances or suffered different kinds of safety accidents in operation activities, which cause harm to life health and safety. Direct occupational hazard refers to the phenomenon that workers' physical health is damaged or even their lives are endangered due to the injury of toxic and harmful substances or various unsafe factors in the process of production. The occupational hazards of metallurgical steel industry include dust, poison, high temperature, vibration and noise. Excessive dust concentration and a large number of patients are the direct causes of high dust incidence. The occurrence of occupational hazards will not only directly damage the physical health of workers and even endanger the safety of their lives, but also affect the safety and stability of the whole society, and even damage the image of our country in the international community. Therefore, we must attach great importance to the prevention and control of occupational hazards. The No.3 steelmaking Plant is the main production plant of Handan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd., which was established in 1994. It is responsible for the important task of the production center of Handan Iron and Steel Co. There are 4 100t top and bottom combined blowing converters, 4 LF refining furnaces, 1 double station RH vacuum refining furnace, 2 slab caster, 1 8 machine 8 flow billet continuous casting machine, with the capacity of 4 million tons of qualified continuous casting billet per year. Taking No.3 steelmaking Plant of Handan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd as the research object, the risk analysis of occupational hazards in production process is carried out in this paper. Through the overall layout and production process, equipment layout analysis and inspection, to understand the overall layout, main production process and equipment and other aspects of compliance with the relevant national norms. Based on the identification of occupational hazard factors in various work types and workplaces, it can be seen that the main hazard factors are carbon monoxide poisoning, dust, high temperature, noise, ionizing radiation and so on. The occupational hazard operations in each workplace were classified. The grade of dust work in the workplace is 0 (relatively harmless); In front of the converter, the toxic operation of the main control room of the 1# converter, the roasting bag, the 1#LF refining furnace and the 1#LF refining furnace is classified as grade 鈪，
本文编号：2351428
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