随机需求下的水上应急物资储备经济水平研究

发布时间：2018-12-21 20:08

【摘要】：海洋不仅蕴藏着大量的资源,也为世界各国之间的交通带来了便捷。但近些年来,随着水路交通、渔业的快速发展,水上事故也逐渐受到社会的广泛关注。水上事故的发生会对人员、财产及海洋环境等带来危害,因此需要通过完善事故救援体系来应对突发事件的发生。应急物资储备是保障应急救援能够有效进行的基础,是应急管理体系中的重要环节。合理的应急物资储备量不仅能够保障在突发事件发生后对应急物资的紧急调运,从而控制突发事件的影响范围、减小二次伤害的概率,也能够合理的利用资金,减少了物资因储备不当而造成的损失。因此,对应急物资配置水平进行研究确定,能够缩小突发事件的影响范围、保护民众的生命财产安全同时保护了生态环境。本文首先回顾了应急资源管理和应急资源配置的研究现状,对应急物资配置进行介绍,介绍了水上事故的定义、特点、类型与分类,同时介绍了应急物资的定义、分类及特点；应急物资配置方式。接着从应急物资需求的角度出发,考虑应急物资储备不足和应急物资储备过量所产生的损失,运用信息熵理论,建立以存货成本与缺货成本之和最小为目标函数的应急物资配置量模型,确定区域总体配置水平。第三,对自适应理论进行了介绍,并通过自适应理论对应急物资储备量的调整进行理论分析。然后,运用随机需求的库存模型,对政府实物储备进行研究,求得在订货水平与经济订单批量。最后,通过算例对上述模型进行验证求解。
[Abstract]:The ocean not only contains a lot of resources, but also brings convenience to the traffic between countries all over the world. But in recent years, with the rapid development of waterway traffic and fishery, water accidents have been paid more and more attention. The occurrence of water accidents will bring harm to personnel, property and marine environment, so it is necessary to improve the accident rescue system to deal with the occurrence of emergencies. The reserve of emergency materials is the basis to ensure the effective carrying out of emergency rescue and is an important link in the emergency management system. A reasonable reserve of emergency supplies can not only guarantee the emergency transportation of emergency materials after an emergency event, thus controlling the impact scope of an emergency event, reducing the probability of secondary injury, but also making rational use of funds. Reduced material losses due to improper reserves. Therefore, the study of emergency material allocation level can reduce the impact of emergencies, protect the lives and property of the population and protect the ecological environment. This paper first reviews the research status of emergency resource management and emergency resource allocation, introduces the emergency material allocation, introduces the definition, characteristics, types and classification of water accidents, and introduces the definition, classification and characteristics of emergency materials. Emergency material allocation mode. Then from the point of view of emergency material demand, considering the loss caused by insufficient emergency material reserve and excessive emergency material reserve, the information entropy theory is used. Based on the objective function of the minimum sum of inventory cost and shortage cost, an emergency material allocation model is established to determine the regional overall allocation level. Thirdly, the adaptive theory is introduced, and the adjustment of emergency material reserve is analyzed theoretically. Then, the inventory model of stochastic demand is used to study the government physical reserve, and to obtain the order level and economic order batch. Finally, the above model is verified and solved by an example.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：U698

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