长沙市2008—2013年用人单位职业病危害状况及影响因素分析

发布时间：2019-01-14 09:15

【摘要】：目的了解湖南省长沙市主要职业危害因素种类和危害程度,发现其纵向的变化规律和影响因素。方法收集2008—2013年长沙市用人单位职业病危害因素检测数据,使用统计软件对不同企业及不同职业病危害因素超标率进行分析。结果存在职业病危害因素的用人单位分布在通用和专用设备制造业的最多,占21.5%;共检测用人单位作业场所职业病危害因素26 703个点,总体超标率为17.8%,非园区企业、集体企业、采矿业、微型企业超标率较高,分别为19.7%、28.6%、54.5%、22.6%,各种职业病危害因素中噪声超标率最高,为33.9%,企业超标率随时间变化和危害风险的降低而降低。年份、经济类型和行业是企业超标情况的影响因素。结论职业卫生监管重点关注通用专用设备制造业、集体企业、采矿业、微型企业职业病危害状况,充分利用大数据分析为职业病防治提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the types and degree of major occupational hazards in Changsha, Hunan Province, and to find out their longitudinal variation and influencing factors. Methods the data of occupational disease hazards of employers in Changsha City from 2008 to 2013 were collected, and statistical software was used to analyze the over-standard rate of occupational disease hazards in different enterprises and different occupational diseases. Results the number of employers with occupational disease hazards was the most in the general purpose and special equipment manufacturing industry, accounting for 21.5%. A total of 26,703 points of occupational disease hazards in the workplace of employing units were detected, and the overall exceeding standard rate was 17.80.The over-standard rate of non-park enterprises, collective enterprises, mining industries and micro-enterprises was higher, with 19.728.6% 54.5 points, respectively. 22.6 among all kinds of occupational disease hazard factors, the rate of noise exceeding the standard is the highest, which is 33.9. the rate of exceeding the standard of enterprise decreases with the change of time and the decrease of hazard risk. Year, economic type and industry is the influence factor of enterprise exceeding standard. Conclusion Occupational health supervision focuses on the occupational hazards in general purpose equipment manufacturing, collective enterprises, mining and microenterprises, and makes full use of big data's analysis to provide scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases.
【作者单位】：长沙市疾病预防控制中心;湖南安全技术职业学院;中南大学公共卫生学院;
【分类号】：R134

【相似文献】