基于C-MBUS的智能消防疏散通信系统设计与开发

发布时间：2019-01-30 07:30

【摘要】：城市高大密集型建筑群以及地下建筑的出现，导致建筑通道更长、更复杂；公共场所人员突发事件发生频率也越来越高，设计出有较强的环境适应能力的智能消防疏散系统能够有效保障人员逃生，系统通信是关键部分之一。为了满足疏散通信系统的环境适应与高效性，本文设计了一种基于C-MBUS的智能疏散通信系统协议，并给出了实现方法。（1）本文研究了国内外在疏散系统领域的发展现状，同时调研了市场需求以及国家标准，对本文所设计的智能疏散通信系统给出了具体的要求和未来发展方向。在此基础上研究了工业网络类型以及在工业网络中主流的通信协议，针对现有智能疏散通信系统的不足进行分析并改进。（2）根据功能要求和具体指标，给出了智能疏散系统的总体通信架构方案，设计了以C-MBUS为通信总线的硬件系统，系统各个部分分别为基于CMT100与CMT001的通信模块、系统供电电源模块、指示灯节点控制器、中继控制器、总主控控制器等，并详述了各个部分的组成原理与具体实现电路。（3）在Modbus协议基础上，研发出了一种针对优化智能疏散系统架构而改进的通信协议，其中通信协议功能主要包括数据更新、数据读取、错误表查询、地址分配、地址删除以及错误检测等，对主机以及从机的协议帧格式、数据含义都做了详细介绍。还创新的提出了智能疏散系统在各级主控内存中虚拟化的概念，对虚拟化的存储架构做了详细说明，并且针对优化内存利用，引进了数据表的概念，包括地址分配表、下级系统通信错误统计表以及下级系统错误表，对表的功能做了相应说明。（4）本文根据设计的智能疏散硬件系统和通信协议，对各级主控进行了软件的设计，主要包括各级主控中存储架构的内存分配、串口通讯模块、各级主控数据包解析模块、数据同步通信处理模块。本文详细的阐述了各个模块的程序流程，并给出了程序流程图。（5）根据制定的通信协议以及硬件与软件设计，成功开发出样机，并利用样机完成了总台对各个节点的控制以及数据的采集。最终的测试表明，本项目所设计的基于C-MBUS的智能疏散通信系统能够稳定运行，并且实现了节点自动加入网络、自动检错的功能，提高了控制速度、简化了节点扩展难度，，达到了预期设计的目标。
[Abstract]:The appearance of large and dense buildings and underground buildings in cities leads to longer and more complex building passages. The frequency of personnel emergencies in public places is more and more high. The design of intelligent fire evacuation system with strong ability to adapt to the environment can effectively protect personnel escape. System communication is one of the key parts. In order to meet the environmental adaptation and high efficiency of the evacuation communication system, this paper designs an intelligent evacuation communication system protocol based on C-MBUS, and gives the implementation method. The main contents are as follows: (1) the present situation of evacuation system at home and abroad is studied, and the market demand and national standard are investigated, and the specific requirements and future development direction of the intelligent evacuation communication system designed in this paper are given. On this basis, the types of industrial networks and the main communication protocols in industrial networks are studied, and the shortcomings of the existing intelligent evacuation communication systems are analyzed and improved. (2) according to the function requirements and specific indexes, the overall communication architecture of the intelligent evacuation system is given, and the hardware system based on C-MBUS is designed. Each part of the system is the communication module based on CMT100 and CMT001, respectively. The system power supply module, indicator node controller, relay controller, master controller and so on. The principle and realization circuit of each part are described in detail. (3) on the basis of Modbus protocol, an improved communication protocol is developed to optimize the architecture of intelligent evacuation system. The communication protocol functions mainly include data updating, data reading, error table query, address assignment, etc. Address deletion and error detection, host and slave protocol frame format, data meaning are introduced in detail. It also innovates the concept of intelligent evacuation system virtualization in main control memory at all levels, explains the storage architecture of virtualization in detail, and introduces the concept of data table, including address allocation table, in order to optimize memory utilization. The function of the lower system communication error table and the lower system error table are explained. (4) according to the design of intelligent evacuation hardware system and communication protocol, this paper designs the software of main control at all levels, including memory allocation of storage architecture, serial communication module, data packet parsing module of main control at all levels. Data synchronization communication processing module. This paper describes the program flow of each module in detail, and gives the program flow chart. (5) according to the communication protocol and the hardware and software design, the prototype is developed successfully, and the control of each node and the data collection are completed by the prototype. The final test shows that the intelligent evacuation communication system based on C-MBUS designed by this project can run stably, and realize the function of automatically joining the network, automatically detecting errors, improving the control speed and simplifying the difficulty of node expansion. The target of the expected design has been achieved.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU892

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