山区公路驾驶员行车安全感研究

发布时间：2019-02-08 17:43

【摘要】：山区公路是我国公路的重要组成部分,山区特殊的地形地貌、气候条件与山区公路线形特征,使山区公路交通安全问题极为严重。山区公路交通事故的影响因素很多,包括车、路、环境等相对固定不变的客观因素和驾驶员受心理与生理影响相对多变的主观因素。因此,深入研究交通系统中驾驶员这一主体因素,建立一种科学、客观、合理的山区公路驾驶员行车安全感评价方法对改善山区公路交通安全性具有重要意义。本文首先根据山区公路及其交通事故的特征,基于驾驶员行车信息处理过程,分析了山区公路驾驶员的感知、判断及操作特性;其次,给出了驾驶员行车安全感定义,从驾驶员、车辆、道路与环境四个方面分析了山区公路驾驶员行车安全感的影响因素及其内在联系;然后,参照国内外山区公路交通安全理论研究成果,结合公路行业现行规范标准,构建了山区公路路段驾驶员行车安全感评价指标体系,并对评价指标进行了等级划分,根据安全评价方法的选取原则及山区公路路段驾驶员行车安全感评价的特点,将传统物元分析理论与规范化处理及变权理论相结合,建立了山区公路路段驾驶员行车安全感评价的改进物元模型,给出了山区公路路段驾驶员行车安全感评价模型的应用流程;最后,选取陕西省S212千阳公路段中的典型路段作为实例分析对象,运用所建模型评判该路段驾驶员行车安全感的等级,验证了模型的合理性与实用性。本文以山区公路驾驶员行车安全感为研究对象,所取得的研究成果为探析山区公路交通事故发生的机理、揭示山区公路交通系统中各因素与交通事故的量化关系、完善交通安全研究的理论体系奠定了一定的理论基础。
[Abstract]:Mountain highway is an important part of highway in our country. The special terrain and geomorphology, climate condition and road alignment of mountain area make the traffic safety problem of mountain highway extremely serious. There are many influencing factors of road traffic accidents in mountain area, including the objective factors such as vehicle, road, environment and so on, and the subjective factors that the drivers are influenced by psychology and physiology. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the driver as the main factor in the traffic system and to establish a scientific, objective and reasonable evaluation method of sense of security for mountain road drivers. Firstly, according to the characteristics of mountain highway and traffic accident, based on the driving information processing process, this paper analyzes the perception, judgment and operation characteristics of the mountain road driver. Secondly, the definition of sense of security is given, and the influencing factors of sense of security and its internal relations are analyzed from four aspects: driver, vehicle, road and environment. Then, referring to the theoretical research results of mountain road traffic safety at home and abroad and combining with the current standard of highway industry, the evaluation index system of sense of security for drivers driving on mountain road sections is constructed, and the evaluation indexes are classified. According to the selection principle of safety evaluation method and the characteristics of sense of security evaluation for drivers in mountain road sections, the traditional matter-element analysis theory is combined with the normalized treatment and variable weight theory. An improved matter-element model for evaluation of sense of security for drivers on mountain road sections is established, and the application process of sense of security evaluation model for drivers in mountain road sections is given. Finally, the typical section of S212 Qianyang Highway in Shaanxi Province is selected as an example, and the model is used to judge the grade of sense of security, which verifies the rationality and practicability of the model. In this paper, the authors take sense of security, a mountain road driver, as the research object. The research results are as follows: to explore the mechanism of road traffic accidents in mountain areas, and to reveal the quantitative relationship between various factors and traffic accidents in mountain road traffic system. Perfecting the theoretical system of traffic safety research has laid a certain theoretical foundation.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U492.84;U491.254

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