基于坐姿假人的地铁乘员二次碰撞损伤影响分析

发布时间：2019-02-08 20:14

【摘要】：针对地铁车厢中坐姿乘员的二次碰撞损伤问题,以乘员不同约束状态、坐姿、乘员人数为变量建立坐姿假人碰撞仿真场景。以AV/ST9001标准中加速度测试载荷为边界条件实现仿真计算,获得假人的姿态响应历程数据。建立假人响应物理参数与损伤等级对应关系的评估条件,包括头部HIC值、胸部3ms加速度与AIS损伤等级关系以及胫骨指数。仿真结果分析与损伤预估表明:坐姿乘员在碰撞事故中可能受到头部脑震荡,颅骨骨折,胸部肋骨骨折,腿部挫伤,骨折等不同程度伤害。座椅侧挡板对假人的姿态响应幅度有显著的影响,座椅及其附件的形状、材料等可作为可变设计参数以期降低乘员损伤;乘员人数会显著增加二次碰撞复杂度及损伤程度,是乘员损伤不利因素之一。
[Abstract]:Aiming at the secondary collision damage problem of sitting passengers in subway cars, the simulation scene of sitting posture dummy collision is established according to the different constraint states of passengers, the sitting posture and the number of passengers as variables. Based on the boundary condition of acceleration test load in AV/ST9001 standard, the simulation calculation is carried out, and the attitude response history data of dummy are obtained. The evaluation conditions of the relationship between the physical parameters of the dummy response and the injury grade were established, including the HIC value of the head, the 3ms acceleration of the chest and the AIS damage grade, and the tibia index. The simulation results and injury prediction show that the occupants may be injured by head concussion, skull fracture, chest rib fracture, leg contusion, fracture and so on. The side baffle of the seat has a significant effect on the posture response amplitude of the dummy. The shape and material of the seat and its accessories can be used as variable design parameters in order to reduce the damage of the occupants. The number of occupants will increase the complexity and degree of secondary collision, which is one of the adverse factors of crew damage.
【作者单位】：北京交通大学机械与电子控制工程学院;北京地铁车辆装备有限公司技术中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51075027) 中央高校基本科研业务费(2009JBM086)
【分类号】：U298;U270.1

【参考文献】