赵家山煤矿深孔预裂爆破提高瓦斯抽采率技术研究及其应用

发布时间：2019-02-09 14:46

【摘要】：深孔预裂爆破作为增加煤层透气性的一种重要工艺,其直接影响到瓦斯抽采的效率和煤矿安全生产。随着现代施工工艺的改变、新型材料设备种类的增多,使得爆破煤层的方法也已经大为改变。本文针对清徐地区赵家山煤矿掘进工作面瓦斯超限问题,分析其原因是巷道掘进过程中瓦斯涌出量较大的特性以及煤层透气性较差的情况,现有的抽采系统抽采指标达不到预计效果。在研究大量爆破增透实验的资料和赵家山煤矿的地质情况、瓦斯涌出规律之后,决定应用深孔预裂爆破技术进行掘进工作面的瓦斯治理。以瓦斯的流动理论为基础,对深孔预裂控制爆破增透的实验进行数值模拟研究,采用COMSOL软件数值分析模拟了瓦斯的流动规律以及分布,为下一步的瓦斯抽放提供坚实的依据。在现场试验中,采用不同的孔径以及爆破孔与控制孔的间距不同,设置了两组实验的对比,以采集到的数据为依据,研究影响预裂爆破效果的孔径和孔间距两个因素。根据试验数据发现,要达到良好的爆破效果,在不同煤质的条件下,选用钻孔的孔径和孔间距也不相同。本次试验在赵家山煤矿2号煤层掘进工作面皮带巷实施的,经过对比实验数分析得出,当孔间距为6m,爆破孔孔径为113mm,控制孔孔径为94mm时,钻孔内的瓦斯浓度最大,抽采效果最好。单孔抽采浓度从原来的21%左右最高提高到37%,掘进工作面的抽采率由原来的20%提高到40.8%,瓦斯超限问题得以解决,达到了预期效果,加快了掘进速度,本文的研究成果将为之后运用此工艺治理瓦斯提供可靠的依据。
[Abstract]:As an important technology to increase the permeability of coal seam, deep-hole pre-splitting blasting directly affects the efficiency of gas drainage and the safety of coal mine production. With the change of modern construction technology and the increase of new material and equipment, the method of blasting coal seam has been changed greatly. Aiming at the problem of gas overrun in Zhaojiashan coal mining face in Qingxu area, this paper analyzes the reasons for the gas emission in roadway driving process and the poor permeability of coal seam. The existing extraction system can not achieve the expected results. After studying a large number of data of blasting antipenetration experiment and geological conditions and gas emission law of Zhaojiashan coal mine, it is decided to apply the technology of deep-hole pre-splitting blasting to control the gas in the heading face. Based on the flow theory of gas, the experiment of anti-penetration of deep-hole pre-splitting controlled blasting is studied by numerical simulation. The flow law and distribution of gas are simulated by COMSOL software, which provides a solid basis for gas drainage in the next step. In the field test, different aperture and the distance between the blasting hole and the control hole are used to compare the two groups of experiments. Based on the collected data, two factors affecting the effect of presplitting blasting are studied. According to the experimental data, it is found that in order to achieve good blasting effect, the hole diameter and hole spacing are different under different coal quality conditions. The experiment was carried out in the belt roadway of No. 2 coal seam driving face in Zhaojiashan Coal Mine. Through the analysis of the comparative experimental results, it is concluded that when the hole spacing is 6 m, the hole diameter of the blasting hole is 113mm, and the aperture of the control hole is 94mm, the gas concentration in the borehole is the largest. The extraction effect is the best. The concentration of single hole extraction was raised from the original 21% to 37%, the extraction rate of the working face was increased from 20% to 40.8, the problem of gas exceeding the limit was solved, the expected effect was achieved and the tunneling speed was accelerated. The research results of this paper will provide reliable basis for gas control by this process.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁工程技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TD712.6

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