特别重大自然灾害损失统计内容的国际对比——基于《特别重大自然灾害损失统计制度》和PDNA系统的分析

发布时间：2019-02-13 20:15

【摘要】：2014年6月民政部、国家减灾委员会办公室发布实施的《特别重大自然灾害损失统计制度》(简称《统计制度》)在规范统计内容与指标的同时,为多次重特大自然灾害灾后恢复重建规划编制提供了基础,但对恢复重建规划的直接指导作用仍有限。以国际主流的灾后需求评估(Post Disaster Needs Assessment,PDNA)系统为主要研究对象,在详细分析PDNA系统内容与特色的基础上,从目标、内容与指标体系、评估方法、评估参数等4个方面与《统计制度》进行了对比分析。未来,应基于《统计制度》拓展增加恢复重建需求评估指标,不断优化完善灾害评估参数库,服务中央—省—地—县等多级用户,编制配套技术标准并优化评估技术规程。研究对于优化完善《统计制度》内容与指标,更好地服务于灾后恢复重现决策,实现与国际接轨有重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:In June 2014, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Office of the National disaster reduction Committee, issued and implemented the "Statistical system for the loss of Special Major Natural disasters" ("the Statistical system"), while standardizing the statistical content and indicators. It provides the basis for the planning of recovery and reconstruction after several major natural disasters, but its direct guidance to the reconstruction planning is still limited. Taking the international mainstream post-disaster needs assessment (Post Disaster Needs Assessment,PDNA) system as the main research object, based on the detailed analysis of the contents and characteristics of the PDNA system, the paper analyzes the objectives, content and index system, and the evaluation methods. The evaluation parameters are compared with the Statistical system. In the future, we should expand the evaluation index of rehabilitation and reconstruction needs based on "Statistical system", optimize and perfect the disaster assessment parameter database, serve the multi-level users such as central, provincial, prefectural and county, compile the supporting technical standard and optimize the evaluation technical regulations. The research has important practical significance for optimizing and perfecting the contents and indexes of Statistical system, serving for the decision of disaster recovery and recurrence, and realizing the integration with the world.
【作者单位】：民政部国家减灾中心;
【基金】：国家重点研发计划全球变化及应对重点专项项目“全球变化人口与经济系统风险形成机制及评估研究(编号:2016YFA0602403)”资助~~
【分类号】：X43

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