柴油机硅油减振器减振机理及匹配仿真技术研究
发布时间：2019-02-23 13:20
【摘要】：扭转振动是柴油机轴系运行时出现的一种振动形式,严重的扭转振动可能造成柴油机不能正常工作,甚至导致柴油机轴系的疲劳破坏。对于在重型运输和工程机械车辆上使用的重型车载柴油机,由于采用高增压、高速,机器的单位体积输出功率得到大幅度地提高,也加剧了轴系的扭转振动。在柴油机轴系上安装扭振减振器是减小扭转振动的重要方式,合理地设计与匹配扭振减振器对降低柴油机轴系扭转振动的振幅、减少扭转振动危害、降低振动噪声和提高车辆舒适性都有着非常重要的意义。 硅油扭振减振器结构简单且减振效率高,相对于其他结构形式的减振器有着较大的优势,因此在柴油机轴系扭振减振方面的应用非常广泛。但是,目前硅油减振器匹配设计计算技术和方法并没有跟上现代柴油机技术发展的步伐,仍然沿用20世纪40年代B.I.C.E.R.A(英国内燃机协会)提出的传统理论和经验公式,设计匹配的减振器需要反复不断地通过台架实验测试来修正和改进设计才能达到预期的减振效果要求。 现代柴油机的发展要求在尽量短的时间内设计开发承载能力足够高、工作稳定可靠的减振器。因此对硅油减振器匹配计算和设计方法进行深入细致的研究,提高匹配设计的准确性和可靠性具有十分重要的意义。本课题以高分子材料流变学、非牛顿流体力学、热力学、振动力学和柴油机动力学等理论为基础,在硅油流变特性实验研究之上,结合硅油减振器实际工作特点,进行减振机理分析和研究,建立基于非牛顿流体的柴油机硅油减振器的动态平衡匹配计算方法,形成较为准确和可靠的减振器匹配计算和优化设计方法。同时,利用现有的三维建模、多体动力学和有限元仿真计算软件,为工程实际应用提供基于多体动力学的柴油机曲轴系统和硅油减振器的扭转振动仿真计算的方法,作为产品设计验证的辅助手段,缩短产品开发的周期。论文的主要工作如下： 1)以非牛顿流体力学、流变学、热力学、振动力学等为理论基础,借助高级扩展旋转式流变仪等仪器进行硅油的流变试验,建立了硅油的力学模型及其非线性本构方程。 2)开展了硅油减振器的阻尼系数、粘性摩擦阻力矩、减振器的发热量和散热量计算方法的研究。 3)通过分析硅油减振器工作过程中影响其工作性能的温度、转速、硅油粘度和振动幅值等参数的内在联系,研究模拟减振器热平衡建立过程的数值计算方法,提出了一种接近于减振器实际运行工况的动态平衡匹配计算方法,该方法能有效地提高匹配计算的准确性和效率。 4)进行柴油机曲轴系统多体动力学的三维建模、边界和约束条件的设定,通过仿真计算得到了柴油机曲轴系统的瞬时转速信号,实现了对柴油机轴系扭转振动和减振器减振性能的分析。 5)从硅油减振器的结构特点和设计要求出发,考虑系统动力性、经济性和可靠性等因素,建立了扭振减振器的多目标优化设计模型,采用遗传算法进行了产品的匹配计算和设计优化,实现了减振器系统主要参数的优化配置,使产品的综合性能达到最优。 6)通过柴油机台架试验,进行了轴系的扭转振动和硅油减振器表面温度测试,验证了减振器动态匹配和仿真计算方法的正确性。
[Abstract]:The torsional vibration is a form of vibration that occurs in the operation of the shafting of the diesel engine. The serious torsional vibration can cause the diesel engine not to work normally, and even lead to the fatigue damage of the diesel engine. The heavy-duty vehicle-mounted diesel engine used on the heavy-duty transportation and engineering machinery vehicle has greatly improved the unit volume output power of the machine due to the adoption of the high-pressure, high-speed, and the unit volume output power of the machine, and the torsional vibration of the shafting is also increased. The torsional vibration damper is an important way to reduce the torsional vibration. It is of great significance to design and match torsional vibration damper to reduce the amplitude of torsional vibration of the shafting of the diesel engine, to reduce the damage of torsional vibration, to reduce the vibration noise and to improve the comfort of the vehicle. The structure of the silicone oil-torsional vibration damper is simple and the vibration-damping efficiency is high, and the vibration damper has a great advantage in relation to other structural forms, so that the oil-torsional vibration damper has wide application in the torsional vibration and vibration reduction of the diesel engine however, that present technology and method of matching design of silicone oil damper have not kept pace with the development of modern diesel engine technology, and still follow the traditional theory and experience of B.I. C.E. R. (British internal combustion engine association) in the 1940s. The shock absorber with matching design needs to be modified and improved repeatedly through the bench test test to achieve the expected vibration reduction effect. The development of modern diesel engine requires that the design and development of the bearing capacity is high enough in the shortest possible time, and the work is stable and reliable. Therefore, it is very important to study the matching calculation and design method of the silicone oil damper, and to improve the accuracy and reliability of the matching design. This paper is based on the theory of polymer material rheology, non-Newtonian fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, vibration mechanics and diesel engine dynamics. and the dynamic balance matching calculation method of the diesel oil damper based on the non-Newtonian fluid is established to form a more accurate and reliable matching calculation and optimization of the shock absorber. By using the existing three-dimensional modeling, the multi-body dynamics and the finite element simulation calculation software, a method for simulating the torsional vibration of a diesel engine crankshaft system and a silicone oil damper based on the multi-body dynamics is provided for the practical application of the engineering, Assistant section to reduce product development The period of the paper. The main work of the paper. The mechanical model of silicone oil and its non-linear were established based on the theory of fluid mechanics, rheology, thermodynamics and vibration mechanics of non-Newtonian fluid. the damping coefficient of the silicone oil damper, the viscous frictional resistance moment, the heat quantity and the heat dissipation of the shock absorber are carried out, The calculation method is based on the analysis of the internal relation of the parameters such as temperature, rotating speed, viscosity of silicone oil and vibration amplitude of the working performance of the silicone oil damper, and the heat balance establishment of the simulated shock absorber is studied. The method for calculating the dynamic balance of the actual operating condition of the shock absorber is presented in this paper. The method can effectively improve the matching. The accuracy and efficiency of the calculation are given. 4) The three-dimensional modeling, boundary and constraint conditions of the multi-body dynamics of the crankshaft system of the diesel engine are set, and the instantaneous speed signal of the crankshaft system of the diesel engine is obtained through the simulation calculation, and the torsional vibration of the shafting of the diesel engine is realized. and based on the structural characteristics and design requirements of the silicone oil shock absorber, the multi-objective optimization design model of the torsional vibration damper is established, and a genetic algorithm is adopted to carry out the multi-objective optimization design model of the torsional vibration damper. The matching calculation and design optimization of the product are optimized, and the optimal configuration of the main parameters of the shock absorber system is realized. and 6) the torsional vibration of the shafting and the surface temperature test of the silicone oil damper are carried out through a diesel engine bench test, and the shock absorber is verified
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TK423;TB535.1
本文编号：2428871
[Abstract]:The torsional vibration is a form of vibration that occurs in the operation of the shafting of the diesel engine. The serious torsional vibration can cause the diesel engine not to work normally, and even lead to the fatigue damage of the diesel engine. The heavy-duty vehicle-mounted diesel engine used on the heavy-duty transportation and engineering machinery vehicle has greatly improved the unit volume output power of the machine due to the adoption of the high-pressure, high-speed, and the unit volume output power of the machine, and the torsional vibration of the shafting is also increased. The torsional vibration damper is an important way to reduce the torsional vibration. It is of great significance to design and match torsional vibration damper to reduce the amplitude of torsional vibration of the shafting of the diesel engine, to reduce the damage of torsional vibration, to reduce the vibration noise and to improve the comfort of the vehicle. The structure of the silicone oil-torsional vibration damper is simple and the vibration-damping efficiency is high, and the vibration damper has a great advantage in relation to other structural forms, so that the oil-torsional vibration damper has wide application in the torsional vibration and vibration reduction of the diesel engine however, that present technology and method of matching design of silicone oil damper have not kept pace with the development of modern diesel engine technology, and still follow the traditional theory and experience of B.I. C.E. R. (British internal combustion engine association) in the 1940s. The shock absorber with matching design needs to be modified and improved repeatedly through the bench test test to achieve the expected vibration reduction effect. The development of modern diesel engine requires that the design and development of the bearing capacity is high enough in the shortest possible time, and the work is stable and reliable. Therefore, it is very important to study the matching calculation and design method of the silicone oil damper, and to improve the accuracy and reliability of the matching design. This paper is based on the theory of polymer material rheology, non-Newtonian fluid mechanics, thermodynamics, vibration mechanics and diesel engine dynamics. and the dynamic balance matching calculation method of the diesel oil damper based on the non-Newtonian fluid is established to form a more accurate and reliable matching calculation and optimization of the shock absorber. By using the existing three-dimensional modeling, the multi-body dynamics and the finite element simulation calculation software, a method for simulating the torsional vibration of a diesel engine crankshaft system and a silicone oil damper based on the multi-body dynamics is provided for the practical application of the engineering, Assistant section to reduce product development The period of the paper. The main work of the paper. The mechanical model of silicone oil and its non-linear were established based on the theory of fluid mechanics, rheology, thermodynamics and vibration mechanics of non-Newtonian fluid. the damping coefficient of the silicone oil damper, the viscous frictional resistance moment, the heat quantity and the heat dissipation of the shock absorber are carried out, The calculation method is based on the analysis of the internal relation of the parameters such as temperature, rotating speed, viscosity of silicone oil and vibration amplitude of the working performance of the silicone oil damper, and the heat balance establishment of the simulated shock absorber is studied. The method for calculating the dynamic balance of the actual operating condition of the shock absorber is presented in this paper. The method can effectively improve the matching. The accuracy and efficiency of the calculation are given. 4) The three-dimensional modeling, boundary and constraint conditions of the multi-body dynamics of the crankshaft system of the diesel engine are set, and the instantaneous speed signal of the crankshaft system of the diesel engine is obtained through the simulation calculation, and the torsional vibration of the shafting of the diesel engine is realized. and based on the structural characteristics and design requirements of the silicone oil shock absorber, the multi-objective optimization design model of the torsional vibration damper is established, and a genetic algorithm is adopted to carry out the multi-objective optimization design model of the torsional vibration damper. The matching calculation and design optimization of the product are optimized, and the optimal configuration of the main parameters of the shock absorber system is realized. and 6) the torsional vibration of the shafting and the surface temperature test of the silicone oil damper are carried out through a diesel engine bench test, and the shock absorber is verified
【学位授予单位】：武汉理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TK423;TB535.1
【引证文献】
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 陈翔;基于虚拟样机技术的曲轴轴系多体动力学研究及扭振分析[D];中北大学;2014年
，本文编号：2428871
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