张家峁煤矿煤层顶板涌（突）水危险性分区预测研究

发布时间：2019-04-10 15:01

【摘要】：矿井水害给煤炭安全开采造成了极大困难，也给矿工生命安全造成了极大威胁。浅埋多煤层开采区煤层埋藏浅、造成顶板水害的水源多，目前还没有研究出合理的预测浅埋多煤层开采顶板涌（突）水危险性大小的方法。本文以张家峁井田为研究区，进行浅埋多煤层开采顶板涌（突）水危险性分区预测研究。该项研究不但对于丰富煤层顶板涌（突）水危险性分区预测方法具有重要意义，而且对于陕北侏罗纪煤田及类似煤田顶板水害预测防治具有重要现实意义。通过对以往资料的综合分析，对张家峁井田的地质与水文地质条件进行了系统总结。分析了矿井的充水条件，认为张家峁井田多煤层开采时矿井的主要充水水源为上覆第四系松散层、风化基岩和烧变岩含水层地下水、地表沟道洪水和上覆煤层采空区积水，主要充水通道为采动覆岩导水裂隙带，不同地区和不同充水因素的充水强度不同。采用小流域洪水流量计算公式，计算了不同降雨条件下井田沟道不同位置的洪水流量大小，并结合矿井排水能力大小将沟道洪水流量大小划分为大、较大、中等和小四个级别；对井田内松散层、风化基岩和烧变岩等主要充水含水层的富水性按强、中等、弱和极弱四个级别进行了划分和预测，编制了主要充水含水层富水性分区预测图；以大井法为基础，对井田各上覆煤层采空区的积水量、积水速度进行了计算，并根据积水速度的快慢将其划分为强、中等、弱和极弱四个级别的富水性，，编制了井田内各主要上覆煤层采空区富水性分区预测图。对于井田内冒裂安全性分区的研究，根据多种经验公式计算了各主采煤层导水裂隙带发育高度，并取最大值作为确定冒裂不安全区和安全区的关键指标，编制了各主要可采煤层的冒裂安全性分区预测图。研究提出了浅埋煤层顶板涌（突）水危险性大小的分级预测指标和标准以及叠加预测方法，编制了张家峁井田各主要可采煤层开采时涌（突）水危险性大小的综合分区预测图。
[Abstract]:Mine water damage to coal mining safety caused great difficulties, but also to the safety of miners caused a great threat to life. In the mining area of shallow and multi-seams, there are many water sources of roof water damage, so there is no reasonable method to predict the risk of roof water inrush in shallow-buried multi-seam mining area. In this paper, the zonal prediction of water inrush of roof in shallow coal seam mining is carried out with Zhangjiamao coalfield as the study area. This study is of great significance not only to the prediction method of roof water inrush risk in rich coal seam, but also to the prediction and prevention of roof water hazard in Jurassic coal field and similar coal field in northern Shaanxi. Based on the comprehensive analysis of previous data, the geological and hydrogeological conditions of Zhangjiamao coalfield are summarized systematically. Based on the analysis of the water-filling conditions of the mine, it is considered that the main water-filling sources of the coal mine in Zhangjiamao coalfield are the overlying Quaternary loose bed, the weathered bedrock and the burning rock aquifer, the surface channel flood and the overlying coal seam goaf water, and the water in the goaf area of the overlying coal seam. The main water-filling channel is the mining-overlying rock water-conducting fissure zone, and the water-filling strength of different areas and different water-filling factors is different. Based on the calculation formula of flood discharge in small watershed, the flood discharge in different locations of mine trench under different rainfall conditions is calculated. Combined with the drainage capacity of mine, the flood discharge of trench is divided into four grades: large, larger, medium and small. The water enrichment of the main water-filled aquifers, such as loose bed, weathered bedrock and calcite, is classified and predicted according to four levels: strong, medium, weak and extremely weak, and the regional prediction charts of the main water-filled aquifers are drawn up. Based on the large well method, the water accumulation and water accumulation velocity in goaf areas of overlying coal seams in the well field are calculated and divided into four levels: strong, medium, weak and extremely weak, according to the speed and speed of the water accumulation. The prediction maps of water-rich zone in goaf of main overlying coal seam in the mine field are compiled. According to a variety of empirical formulas, the development heights of water-conducting fracture zones in main mining coal seams are calculated, and the maximum value is taken as the key index to determine the unsafe areas and safe areas of breakout. The prediction maps for the safety of breakout in each main minable coal seam are drawn up in this paper. In this paper, the classification index, standard and superposition prediction method of water inrush risk in shallow coal seam roof are put forward, and the comprehensive zoning prediction map of water inrush risk in each main recoverable coal seam in Zhangjiamao coalfield is worked out.
【学位授予单位】：西安科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD745

【参考文献】