井下人员安全管理系统中位置感知节点的设计

发布时间：2019-06-03 23:15

【摘要】：在实际调研了国内煤矿行业安全管理类产品现状后,作者发现大多数井下人员管理系统不但满足不了《煤炭工业发展“十二五”规划》等中央文件的最基本要求,也保障不了煤矿从业者工作过程中的最基本权益。对于煤矿这一特殊行业,一套可靠的位置服务系统将使井下人员管理更加高效,遭遇特殊事件时,精确的人员位置信息可以提高救援效率。在欧美发达国家,位置服务系统已经成为煤矿行业必须配备的系统之一。本文给出了一套创新的、可实现的井下人员管理方案,将传统管理平台中独立的定位产品、通讯产品、安全监测产品统一为一体化的信息综合平台。而后,针对井下复杂的电磁环境、系统的实际需求,重点设计了精确位置服务系统中的位置感知节点,详细描述了整个设计流程：关键元件的选型、硬件电路图的设计、无线收发机底层驱动的代码实现、射频传输时间捕获的代码流程、高频模拟电路的布线与阻抗匹配、硬件电路板的设计与制造、产品样机的测试。同时,针对位置感知网络的异构网络结构、人员管理的实时性要求、通讯节点的能耗瓶颈,设计了一种新的无线个域网介质访问层协议——基于群体行为影响的同步接入协议。最后,通过对位置感知节点样机的多项测试得知,节点在功能上和性能上都能够满足井下精确位置服务所提出的要求。从工程的角度上看,本文设计的精确位置感知节点是一个成本合理、性能达标的井下人员管理类产品,相信这样一个比较有创新意义的产品可以实实在在的提高井下作业环境的安全等级,服务于每一个煤矿从业者。
[Abstract]:After investigating the present situation of safety management products in domestic coal mine industry, the author finds that most underground personnel management systems can not meet the most basic requirements of central documents such as the 12th five-year Plan for the Development of Coal Industry. It can not protect the most basic rights and interests of coal mine practitioners in the process of work. For the special industry of coal mine, a set of reliable position service system will make the underground personnel management more efficient, and the accurate personnel location information can improve the rescue efficiency in the event of special events. In developed countries in Europe and the United States, location service system has become one of the systems that must be equipped in coal mining industry. In this paper, an innovative and realizable underground personnel management scheme is presented, which unifies the independent positioning products, communication products and safety monitoring products in the traditional management platform into an integrated information integrated platform. Then, according to the complex electromagnetic environment and the actual demand of the system, the position sensing node in the accurate position service system is designed, and the whole design flow is described in detail: the selection of key components, the design of hardware circuit diagram, The code realization of wireless transceiver bottom driver, the code flow of RF transmission time capture, the wiring and impedance matching of high frequency analog circuit, the design and manufacture of hardware circuit board, and the test of product prototype. At the same time, aiming at the heterogeneous network structure of location-aware network, the real-time requirement of personnel management and the bottleneck of energy consumption of communication nodes, a new wireless personal network media access layer protocol, synchronous access protocol based on the influence of group behavior, is designed. Finally, through many tests of the prototype of the position sensing node, it is found that the function and performance of the node can meet the requirements of underground accurate position service. From an engineering point of view, the accurate position sensing node designed in this paper is a downhole personnel management product with reasonable cost and up to standard performance. It is believed that such an innovative product can actually improve the safety level of underground working environment and serve every coal mine practitioner.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TD76

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