多孔相变复合材料的制备及性能研究

发布时间：2018-03-17 00:08

  本文选题：相变材料　切入点：储热性能　出处：《兰州理工大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：多孔材料不仅具有孔隙结构,而且具有大的比表面积。利用多孔材料对固-液相变储热材料进行封装处理,不但可以解决固—液相变材料易泄漏的问题,而且也可以相对提高固—液相变储热材料的导热性能和潜热。本文选择三种不同的多孔材料埃洛石、多孔炭和共轭微孔聚合物作为载体,选择石蜡(paraffin wax)、肉豆蔻酸(MA)、棕榈酸(PA)和硬脂酸(SA)作为相变材料制备多种多孔相变复合材料。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X-射线电子衍射(XRD)、差示扫描量热(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)等方法对制备的多孔材料和相变复合材料进行测试和表征,研究了多孔材料的孔隙特征、热稳定性和相变复合材料的热性能。第一部分:将经过纯化的埃洛石纳米管和经过聚二甲基硅氧烷改性处理的埃洛石纳米管作为载体分别与石蜡、肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸和硬脂酸制成多种相变复合材料。通过SEM和TEM可以看出,两种载体的外表面和内表面都吸附了石蜡和脂肪酸;通过DSC测试相变复合材料的储热能力,结果显示经过改性处理的埃洛石作为载体制备的相变复合材料具有较高的储热能力,相变潜热介于44.7 J g-1到72.1 J g-1之间;通过TGA测试证明经过改性处理的埃洛石作为载体制备的相变复合材料在180℃没有分解,具有良好的耐热性能;通过闪光导热分析测试经过改性处理的埃洛石作为载体制备的相变复合材料的导热系数在0.432 W m-1 K-1~0.706W m-1 K-1,证明相比于纯相变材料,制备的相变复合材料的导热性能得到了显著改善。第二部分:利用废弃的核桃青皮制备出多孔炭载体材料,与三种脂肪酸制备相变复合材料。通过SEM和TEM观察分析表明,以核桃青皮为原料制备的多孔炭表面松散,制备的相变复合材料表面负载了脂肪酸;通过DSC测试证明制备的相变复合材料具有较高的潜热值(61.25 J g-1到81.6 J g-1);利用TGA测试可以看出制备的相变复合材料在160℃不会发生热分解,具有很好的热稳定性。第三部分:制备了具有超疏水性和超亲油性的共轭微孔聚合物CMPN-1和CMPN-2,并且以CMPN-1和CMPN-2作为载体与肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸制备相变复合材料。通过SEM和TEM观察,表明相变材料不仅吸附在CMPN-1和CMPN-2外表面,在其内部也有沉积。通过TGA测试表明CMPN-1和CMPN-2具有良好的热稳定性;通过DSC测试证明制备的相变复合材料具有良好的储热能力(90.86 J g-1~141.06 J g-1);在冷热循环200次后,仍然具有较高的相变潜热,说明CMPN-1基相变复合材料和CMPN-2基相变复合材料具有良好的热循环利用能力;通过闪光导热分析仪测得制备的相变复合材料的导热性能分别是其对应的三种纯相变复合材料的150.12%到182.56%,表明共轭微孔聚合物CMPN-1和CMPN-2使相变复合材料的导热性能有所提高。
[Abstract]:Porous materials not only have pore structure, but also have large specific surface area. It can also improve the thermal conductivity and latent heat of solid-liquid phase variable heat storage materials. In this paper, three kinds of porous materials, erroite, porous carbon and conjugated microporous polymers, are selected as carriers. A variety of porous phase change composites were prepared by using paraffin paraffin waxer, myristic acid (MAA), palmitic acid (PAA) and stearic acid (SA) as phase change materials. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to prepare porous phase change composites (PCMs), and the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used. The porous materials and phase change composites were tested and characterized by DSC-TGA. The pore characteristics, thermal stability and thermal properties of phase change composites were studied. SEM and TEM show that paraffin and fatty acids are adsorbed on the outer and inner surfaces of the two carriers, and the thermal storage capacity of the composites is tested by DSC. The results show that the phase change composites prepared by the modified Elosite as the carrier have high heat storage capacity, and the latent heat of phase change ranges from 44.7 J g -1 to 72.1 J g -1; TGA test showed that the phase change composites prepared by the modified Elosterite as the carrier did not decompose at 180 鈩，

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