基于生物模板的钯纳米颗粒催化剂制备及其催化性能的研究

发布时间：2018-04-07 17:54

本文选题：钯纳米颗粒　切入点：原子力显微镜　出处：《宁波大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：金属钯纳米颗粒具有很高的催化活性,并且价格较铂等便宜,因此在工业催化、能源化工等领域具有重要的应用。钯通常负载于各种有机物、碳纳米管和其他金属合金,因为负载型钯催化剂具有较好的分散性、尺寸可控性、催化效率高、易于分离产物等优势,是现今钯催化剂研究的重点。目前已经发展了很多种钯纳米颗粒合成的方法,常见的有化学合成法、电化学沉积法,近年来以生物大分子为模板合成钯纳米颗粒的方法受到很大关注。因为这些生物模板具有特定的空间纳米结构、金属结合位点等特点,能够与钯纳米颗粒很好的结合一起,并且生物模板制备成本低、可降解、绿色环保等优势,目前,有不少研究组利用CYS突变烟草花叶病毒(TMVcys)作为生物模板来合成Pd纳米颗粒,但是利用生物工程对蛋白修饰比较复杂,另外合成得到的Pd纳米颗粒的尺寸也不是很均匀。钯催化Suzuki反应是众多材料合成的基础反应,一直是钯催化有机反应中的研究重点。多数研究者利用有机配体制备钯纳米颗粒,但是有机配体制备过程复杂,并且容易污染环境。为了克服上述缺点,我们实验室则基于生物模板法制备钯纳米颗粒催化Suzuki反应。在前期的工作中,我们实验室已经实现了胰岛素纤维的控制生长,本文通过控制温度实现尺寸可控的钯纳米颗粒的制备,实验中我们实现了三种粒径大小的钯纳米颗粒的制备。另外我们发现淀粉样纤维是具beta-sheet核心结构的纤维,具有非常稳定的化学性质,是十分理想的生物模板。我们以胰岛素纤维作为生物模板,吸附Pd纳米颗粒制备零价钯催化剂。我们制备的钯催化剂具有很好的催化Suzuki反应的能力,并对钯纳米颗粒的大小对催化效率的影响进行了讨论。最后我们初步探究了钯电催化过氧化氢的还原反应,进一步研究了生物性钯催化剂的催化性能。
[Abstract]:Palladium nanoparticles have high catalytic activity and are cheaper than platinum, so they have important applications in industrial catalysis, energy chemical industry and other fields.Palladium is usually supported on various organic compounds, carbon nanotubes and other metal alloys, because the supported palladium catalysts have the advantages of good dispersion, controllable size, high catalytic efficiency and easy separation of products.At present, many methods of synthesizing palladium nanoparticles have been developed, such as chemical synthesis and electrochemical deposition. In recent years, biosynthesis of palladium nanoparticles using biological macromolecules as template has attracted much attention.Because these biological templates have special spatial nanostructures, metal binding sites and other characteristics, they can be well combined with palladium nanoparticles, and the preparation of biological templates has the advantages of low cost, biodegradability, green environmental protection, etc. At present,Many researchers used CYS mutated tobacco mosaic virus (TMVcys) as a biological template to synthesize PD nanoparticles, but the protein modification by bioengineering was more complicated, and the size of the synthesized PD nanoparticles was not uniform.Palladium-catalyzed Suzuki reaction is the basic reaction in the synthesis of many materials and has been the focus of palladium-catalyzed organic reactions.Most researchers use organic ligands to prepare palladium nanoparticles, but the preparation of organic ligands is complex and easy to pollute the environment.In order to overcome these shortcomings, palladium nanoparticles were prepared to catalyze the Suzuki reaction in our laboratory.In the previous work, we have realized the controlled growth of insulin fiber in our laboratory. In this paper, we have achieved the preparation of palladium nanoparticles with controllable size by controlling the temperature. In the experiment, we have realized the preparation of three kinds of palladium nanoparticles.In addition, we found that amyloid fiber is a beta-sheet core structure fiber, with very stable chemical properties, is a very ideal biological template.We used insulin fiber as biological template to adsorb PD nanoparticles to prepare zero valent palladium catalyst.The palladium catalyst prepared by us has a good ability to catalyze Suzuki reaction, and the effect of the size of palladium nanoparticles on the catalytic efficiency is discussed.Finally, the reduction of hydrogen peroxide catalyzed by palladium was preliminarily investigated, and the catalytic performance of biologic palladium catalyst was further studied.
【学位授予单位】：宁波大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1

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