功能性纳米零价铁的构筑及其对环境放射性核素铀的富集应用研究进展

发布时间：2018-04-10 05:14

本文选题：环境污染　切入点：纳米零价铁　出处：《化学学报》2017年06期

【摘要】：随着核能的广泛应用和核技术的快速发展,环境中放射性核素铀的污染日益严峻.纳米零价铁(Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron:nZVI)因其具有廉价、制备简便、高表面活性及对铀高效的吸附性能等特性而逐渐成为环境中铀污染处理的良好材料.采用可行的方法制备纳米零价铁复合材料,借助单体材料之间的协同效应可进一步提高材料对铀酰的吸附性能.因此,纳米零价铁复合材料的制备以及应用成为近期环境科学领域的研究热点之一.针对纳米零价铁及其复合材料对环境中铀酰的去除研究进行了概述和展望,包括纳米零价铁及其复合材料的制备方法、去除效果及去除机理,并且简要探讨了纳米零价铁及其复合材料在环境放射性污染治理的应用前景,以期为今后的深入研究和实际应用提供参考依据.
[Abstract]:With the wide application of nuclear energy and the rapid development of nuclear technology, the pollution of radionuclide uranium in the environment is becoming more and more serious.Nanoscale Zero Valent iron: nZVI (Nanoscale Zero Valent Iron-nZVI) has become a good material for the treatment of uranium contamination in the environment due to its low cost, simple preparation, high surface activity and high adsorption performance for uranium.Nanocrystalline zero-valent iron composites were prepared by a feasible method. The adsorption properties of uranyl could be further improved by the synergistic effect between monomers.Therefore, the preparation and application of nano-zero-valent iron composites have become one of the research hotspots in the field of environmental science.The research on the removal of uranyl from the environment by nano-zero-valent iron and its composites is summarized and prospected, including the preparation method, removal effect and removal mechanism of nano-zero-valent iron and its composites.The application prospect of nano-zero-valent iron and its composite materials in environmental radioactive pollution control is briefly discussed in order to provide reference for further research and practical application in the future.
【作者单位】：东华理工大学化学生物与材料科学学院;华北电力大学环境科学与工程学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(Nos.91326202,21577032) 挑战计划(No.JCKY2016212A04)资助~~
【分类号】：TB383.1;X591

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