丁苯橡胶基复合发泡材料的制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-04-17 02:01

本文选题：橡胶发泡 + 门尼黏度　；参考：《陕西科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：聚氨酯(PU)和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)是广泛使用的发泡材料基体。PU发泡材料性能优异,但其加工过程需以含异氰酸酯的预聚体为原料进行液相发泡,原料毒性大、易挥发,从而造成大气污染,且成本昂贵。EVA成本低,但其使用性能差,常用于中低端产品。因此,开发一种性能优异、价格便宜、普适性高的发泡材料具有重要意义。丁苯橡胶(SBR)力学性能优异,成本低廉,可利用传统工艺发泡,但作为主体制备发泡材料却鲜见报道,这是因为SBR发泡材料存在缺陷,一方面,该发泡材料易收缩,即收缩率和后收缩率大、尺寸稳定性差;另一方面,门尼黏度大,不易于橡胶发泡材料的注射加工。针对上述科学问题本论文将从以下内容进行研究:(1)对SBR发泡材料的配方进行研究。采用正交试验设计和单因素设计的方法,分别讨论了发泡剂、交联剂和添加助剂对SBR发泡材料性能的影响规律。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)、差示扫描量热法(DSC)、拉曼光谱测试仪等检测手段分析了两种交联剂(S和DCP)的协同作用对降低SBR发泡材料门尼黏度和收缩率的影响机理,首次提出了SBR在S和DCP交联体系中的双交联过程,制备的SBR发泡材料门尼黏度和收缩率分别为23.4和2.25%,同时也使得抗张强度、断裂伸长率和撕裂强度分别增加到3.475 MPa、54.63 N/mm和1.78×103%。(2)通过机械熔融共混法制备了SBR/EVA共混基体胶,采用SEM、FTIR、DSC和流变仪分别对共混基体胶的相容性和共硫化特性进行了表征。结果表明:SBR与EVA的相容性随着EVA含量的增加而增加,主要是因为SBR分子链上的活泼氢与EVA分子链上的羧基氧形成的氢键作用。(3)通过模压法制备SBR/EVA复合橡胶发泡材料,研究了EVA含量对SBR/EVA复合发泡材料的形貌、收缩性和尺寸稳定性的影响规律,分析了在S和DCP都存在的条件下,SBR与EVA分子链之间发生交替交联过程以及EVA在复合体系中起骨架支撑的作用,制备的SBR/EVA复合发泡材料的收缩率、后收缩率和门尼黏度分别达到1%、15%和20.4。
[Abstract]:Polyurethane (PUA) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) are widely used foaming materials. Pu foamed materials have excellent properties. However, the prepolymer containing isocyanates should be used for liquid phase foaming, which is toxic and volatile.As a result, the air pollution is caused, and the cost of EVA is low, but its performance is poor, so it is often used in middle and low end products.Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a foamed material with excellent performance, low price and high universality.Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) has excellent mechanical properties, low cost, and can be foamed by traditional technology. However, it is seldom reported to prepare foamed materials as the main body. This is due to the defects of SBR foaming materials. On the one hand, the foamed materials are easily contracted.On the other hand, Mooney viscosity is large and difficult to be used in injection processing of rubber foamed materials.In this paper, the formulation of SBR foaming material is studied from the following contents: 1: 1.The effects of foaming agent, crosslinking agent and additive on the properties of SBR foaming materials were discussed by orthogonal design and single factor design.By means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Raman spectrometer, the mechanism of the synergistic effect of two kinds of crosslinking agents on Mooney viscosity and shrinkage of SBR foamed materials was analyzed.The double crosslinking process of SBR in S and DCP crosslinking systems was proposed for the first time. The Mooney viscosity and shrinkage of SBR foamed materials were 23.4 and 2.25, respectively.The tensile elongation at break and tear strength were increased to 3.475 MPA 54.63 N/mm and 1.78 脳 10 3 respectively. The SBR/EVA blend matrix was prepared by mechanical melt blending. The compatibility and vulcanization properties of the blends were characterized by SEM FTIR DSC and rheometer respectively.The results showed that the compatibility between SBR and EVA increased with the increase of EVA content, mainly because the active hydrogen on the SBR chain and the hydrogen bond formed by carboxyl oxygen on the EVA chain.The effects of EVA content on the morphology, shrinkage and dimensional stability of SBR/EVA composite foamed materials were studied.In the presence of both S and DCP, the alternating crosslinking process between EVA and EVA molecular chains and the role of EVA as skeleton support in the composite system were analyzed. The shrinkage of the SBR/EVA composite foamed material was also analyzed.The posterior contraction rate and Mooney viscosity reached 15% and 20.4% respectively.
【学位授予单位】：陕西科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ333.1;TB332

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