有机—无机复合保温砂浆的制备与性能研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 21:13

本文选题：聚苯颗粒 + 玻化微珠　；参考：《济南大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前应用较为广泛的聚苯颗粒保温砂浆以及玻化微珠保温砂浆存在一些不足之处。聚苯颗粒具有保温隔热性能优良、耐化学腐蚀、不吸水、韧性大的优点,但是其表面光滑、密度极低、强度低、憎水性强,与无机胶凝材料亲和性差,需要大量外加剂改性。同时相对于无机轻骨料保温砂浆而言,其抗燃烧性较差。玻化微珠保温砂浆具有施工性好、抗压强度高、耐候性好、防火性能优良、抗裂性好等特点,但其制成的玻化微珠保温砂浆导热系数相对较高,吸水率较大。本文针对两种保温砂浆存在的问题,在聚苯颗粒保温砂浆的基础上,通过复掺聚苯颗粒与玻化微珠两种保温骨料的方法,综合聚苯颗粒保温砂浆和玻化微珠保温砂浆两种产品的性能优点,研究了有机无机复合保温砂浆组成设计和制备工艺,目的在于能够制备工作性能好,物理力学性能和保温性能优异的复合保温砂浆。研究结果表明:随着集灰比的增大,聚苯颗粒保温砂浆工作性能逐渐变差,干密度、抗压强度降低,吸水率升高,软化系数降低。矿物掺合料不仅可以改善拌合物工作性能,还可以显著降低保温砂浆的干密度,从而降低导热系数。脱硫石膏可以起到激发掺合料化学活性的作用,从而避免了过多掺合料的掺入导致的保温砂浆早期强度过低。复掺两种骨料的比例对复合保温砂浆的性能有重要影响,随着玻化微珠取代量的增加,复合保温砂浆干密度、抗压强度、吸水率、软化系数质、质量损失率均增大,这主要是玻化微珠具有容重大,强度高,吸水率大的特点,从而引起了复合保温砂浆性能的变化。为了达到导热系数的要求同时保证较高的强度,综合考虑选择玻化微珠与聚苯颗粒体积比为1:1。通过正交试验的方法研究外加剂复合保温砂浆性能影响规律。实验结果证明可再分散乳胶粉、纤维素醚、引气剂对保温砂浆各项性能都有一定改善。极差分析发现对干密度和抗压强度来说最重要的因素的引气剂。经过优化实验最终选择组合A2B2C3,即可再分散乳胶粉掺量为3%,纤维素醚掺量为0.4%,引气剂掺量为0.7%,此配合比下复合保温砂浆抗压强度为0.56MPa导热系数达到0.0588W/(m?K)。萘系减水剂是影响复合保温砂浆干密度和抗压强度的重要因素。满足工作性能、物理力学性能、保温性能优异的最佳组合A1B2C2,即萘系减水剂0.75%,憎水剂掺量为0.3%,聚丙烯纤维掺量为0.5%。此配合比下复合保温砂浆抗压强度为0.52MPa导热系数达到0.0582W/(m?K)。我们国家幅员辽阔,气候条件变化复杂。根据复掺骨料试验,在不同气候条件和节能要求地区使用不同骨料比例的复合保温砂浆,控制不同容重,可以达到不同的保温效果,并且在矿物掺合料及外加剂改性下获得各项性能优异的复合保温砂浆,具有重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:At present, there are some shortcomings in the widely used polystyrene particle insulation mortar and glass microbead insulation mortar. Polystyrene particles have the advantages of excellent thermal insulation, chemical corrosion resistance, no water absorption and high toughness, but their surface is smooth, density is extremely low, strength is low, hydrophobicity is strong, affinity with inorganic cementitious materials is poor, and a large number of additives are needed to modify it. At the same time, compared with inorganic lightweight aggregate thermal insulation mortar, its combustion resistance is poor. The glass microbead insulation mortar has the characteristics of good construction, high compressive strength, good weathering resistance, good fire resistance and good crack resistance, but the thermal conductivity and water absorption of the glass microbead insulating mortar are relatively high. In view of the problems existing in two kinds of insulating mortar, on the basis of polystyrene particle insulation mortar, two kinds of thermal insulation aggregate are mixed with polystyrene particle and vitrified microbead. In this paper, the composition design and preparation process of organic inorganic composite thermal insulation mortar are studied by synthesizing the performance advantages of polystyrene particle insulation mortar and glass microbead insulation mortar. The purpose of this paper is to prepare the composite thermal insulation mortar with good working performance. Composite thermal insulation mortar with excellent physical and mechanical properties and thermal insulation properties. The results show that with the increase of the ratio of aggregate to cement, the working performance of PBS becomes worse, the dry density and compressive strength decrease, the water absorption increases and the softening coefficient decreases. Mineral admixtures can not only improve the performance of the mixture, but also significantly reduce the dry density of the insulating mortar, thus reducing the thermal conductivity. Desulphurized gypsum can stimulate the chemical activity of the admixture, thus avoiding the low early strength of the thermal insulation mortar caused by the excessive addition of the admixture. The ratio of two kinds of aggregates has an important effect on the properties of composite insulating mortar. With the increase of the amount of glass microbeads, the dry density, compressive strength, water absorption, softening coefficient and mass loss rate of composite insulating mortar increase. This is mainly due to the large capacity, high strength and high water absorption of vitrified microbeads, which results in the change of properties of composite insulating mortar. In order to meet the requirement of thermal conductivity and ensure high strength, the volume ratio of glass beads to polystyrene particles is 1: 1. The effects of additives on the properties of composite thermal insulation mortar were studied by orthogonal test. The experimental results show that dispersible latex powder, cellulose ether and air entraining agent can improve the properties of insulating mortar to some extent. Range analysis shows that the most important factor for dry density and compressive strength is the air entraining agent. After the optimization experiment, the final selection of combination A 2B 2C 3 is that the amount of dispersed latex powder is 3, cellulose ether is 0.4 and air entraining agent is 0.7. The compressive strength of composite insulation mortar is 0.56MPa and the thermal conductivity is 0.0588W/ (mGK) under this mixture ratio. Naphthalene superplasticizer is an important factor affecting the dry density and compressive strength of composite insulating mortar. The optimum combination of A1B2C2, which can satisfy the performance of work, physical and mechanical properties and heat preservation, is 0.75 for naphthalene, 0.3 for hydrophobic agent and 0.5 for polypropylene fiber. The compressive strength of composite thermal insulation mortar is 0. 52 MPA, and the thermal conductivity is 0. 058 2 W / (MK). Our country has a vast territory and complex climatic conditions. According to the experiment of admixture aggregate, different heat preservation mortar with different aggregate ratio can be used in different climate conditions and energy saving requirement areas, and different bulk density can be controlled, and different thermal insulation effect can be achieved. And it is of great practical significance to obtain composite thermal insulation mortar with excellent properties under the modification of mineral admixture and admixture.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TU578.1;TB33

【参考文献】