基于胶体晶体制备多孔聚合物材料的应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-28 11:57

本文选题：多孔材料 + 胶体晶体　；参考：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,多孔材料在分离、过滤、吸附、生物工程及药物靶向控释等领域得到了广阔的应用。目前,有大量的方法可以制备多种多样的有机或无机多孔材料,其中胶体晶体模板法是使用最为广泛的。胶体晶体模板法制备的多孔材料孔分布均一、排列有序,并且可以通过调控胶体粒子的大小来调节孔径,从而得到很多科学家们的广泛关注。但是,大多数所制备的多孔材料的宏观结构都是很普通的,用在过滤分离需借助一定的装置,操作复杂,而且功能性和智能性也需进一步改善。本文在胶体晶体模板法制备多孔材料基础上,通过结合气息图案法并改进膜基质,控制膜的形态,制备出了二元多孔结构袋式多孔微滤膜,结合聚脲微球的沉淀聚合制备出了多孔聚脲微球,并分别探究了它们相关的应用。另外利用模板法在玻璃管中制备了温敏性微米级多孔反相柱,本论文主要的研究内容可分为以下三方面:(1)结合气息图案法,控制聚合物溴化聚苯醚(BPPO)浓度及胶体粒子的尺寸,在烧结成球的毛细管一端的玻璃基质上,制备出了底端具有二元多孔结构的BPPO袋式多孔微滤膜。由于其特殊的袋状结构,可以很方便的连接在注射器针头上,二元孔结构可以很好的过滤污水,在过滤分离,微注射等领域有较广阔的应用前景。(2)以丙酮和水作为溶剂,异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)作为单体,通过加入交联剂三乙烯四胺(TETA)和二氧化硅(SiO2)纳米颗粒,一步制备了交联且表面多孔的聚脲微球(PPUM)。本章研究了SiO2纳米颗粒的用量、粒径尺寸以及交联剂TETA对表面孔的形态、大小以及密度的影响。最后还深入探究了其对染料的吸附性能,对甲基橙及碘水溶液都有优异的吸附功能,显示了其在染料吸附处理等方面有重要的应用前景。(3)在玻璃管中,利用胶体晶体模板法制备反相多孔聚苯乙烯柱,并引入温度响应聚合物异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM),通过优化实验条件,对温度、NIPAM含量因素做了深入研究,利用自制的实验装置来测量通过该反相柱的KCl溶液的电导率,以表征不同实验条件对反相柱孔径的影响,为进一步探索它的应用做了铺垫。综上所述,本文在前人工作基础上,通过改变多孔材料的宏观及微观结构,使其在应用时更简便高效,并探索了其功能性和智能性,对于设计和构建新型分离、过滤、吸附材料及设备具有一定的参考意义。
[Abstract]:In recent years, porous materials have been widely used in the fields of separation, filtration, adsorption, bioengineering and drug targeted controlled release. At present, there are a large number of methods to prepare a variety of organic or inorganic porous materials, among which colloidal crystal template method is the most widely used. The porous materials prepared by colloidal crystal template method have uniform pore distribution and ordered arrangement, and they can adjust the pore size by regulating the size of colloidal particles, which has attracted many scientists' attention. However, the macrostructure of most of the prepared porous materials is very common, which requires a certain device for filtration and separation, complex operation, and further improvement of functionality and intelligence. In this paper, based on the preparation of porous materials by colloidal crystal template method, binary porous microfiltration membrane with porous structure was prepared by combining the breath pattern method and improving the membrane matrix to control the morphology of the membrane. Porous polyurea microspheres were prepared by precipitation polymerization of polyurea microspheres and their applications were explored. In addition, Templet method was used to prepare the thermo-sensitive micrometer porous reversed-phase column in glass tube. The main contents of this paper can be divided into three aspects: (1) the concentration of BPPO and the size of colloidal particles were controlled by the method of breath pattern. BPPO bag porous microfiltration membrane with binary porous structure at the bottom end was prepared on glass substrate at one end of the briquetting capillary. Because of its special bag structure, it can be easily connected to the syringe needle. The binary pore structure can filter sewage very well, and has a broad application prospect in the field of filtration, separation, microinjection and so on. (2) acetone and water are used as solvents. Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) was used as monomer and crosslinked polyurea microspheres (PPUM) were prepared by adding triethylenetetramine (TETA) and silica (Sio _ 2) nanoparticles in one step. In this chapter, the effects of the amount of Sio _ 2 nanoparticles, the particle size and the cross-linking agent TETA on the morphology, size and density of the surface were studied. In the end, the adsorption properties of the dye are also discussed. The adsorption of methyl orange and iodine aqueous solution is excellent, which shows that it has an important application prospect in dye adsorption treatment. (3) in glass tube, The reversed-phase porous polystyrene column was prepared by colloidal crystal template method, and the temperature responsive polymer isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) was introduced. The electrical conductivity of the KCl solution passing through the reversed-phase column was measured by a self-made experimental device to characterize the influence of different experimental conditions on the pore size of the reversed-phase column, which paved the way for further exploration of its application. To sum up, on the basis of previous work, by changing the macro and micro structure of porous materials, this paper makes them easier and more efficient in application, and explores its function and intelligence, so as to design and build a new separation, filtration, The adsorption material and equipment have certain reference significance.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ317;TB383.4

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