贵金属—金属氧化物复合纳米颗粒的可控合成、生长机理及其光学性质研究

发布时间：2018-07-29 19:38

【摘要】：贵金属-金属氧化物复合纳米粒子因其具有独特的催化和光学性质而得到广泛重视,其制备与应用已经成为当今纳米技术领域的一个研究热点。不同尺寸、形貌和组成的纳米材料通常具有不同的物理、化学性质。为了获得特定形貌和组成的高质量纳米材料,理性设计简易、环境友好的合成策略具有十分重要的意义。本论文对贵金属和金属氧化物纳米材料的液相合成方法进行了研究,并初步探讨了所得纳米材料的催化性能。本文主要包含以下几个部分:(1)以金(Au)八面体做种子,采用种子生长法在乙二醇与水混合溶液中成功制备了尺度均匀的Au@ZnO核壳纳米粒子;研究了反应温度、溶剂、还原剂、表面活性剂、前驱体浓度等实验参数对Au@ZnO核壳纳米粒子形成的影响,阐明了Au@Zn O核壳纳米粒子的形成机理;通过调控实验参数,合成了不同尺度的Au@Zn O核壳纳米粒子,且ZnO壳层厚度与Au核大小可以理性控制;进一步研究了获得的Au@Zn O核壳纳米粒子的光吸收性能和光催化特性。(2)以不同形貌的金纳米颗粒(金八面体、双棱锥)以及金银异质纳米棒做种子,采用种子生长法在乙二醇与水混合溶液中成功制备了不同形貌、组成的Au@Cu2O、Au@Ag@Cu2O核壳纳米粒子;研究了反应温度、溶剂、还原剂、表面活性剂、前驱体浓度等实验参数对该复合纳米粒子形成的影响;通过调控实验参数,合成了不同尺度的Au@Cu2O、Au@Ag@Cu2O核壳纳米粒子,且Cu2O壳层厚度与Au核大小可以理性控制;进一步研究了获得的复合纳米粒子的光吸收性能。
[Abstract]:Noble-metal oxide composite nanoparticles have been paid more and more attention because of their unique catalytic and optical properties. Their preparation and application have become a research hotspot in the field of nanotechnology. Nanomaterials of different sizes, morphology and composition usually have different physical and chemical properties. In order to obtain high quality nanomaterials with specific morphology and composition, the rational design is simple and the synthesis strategy is environmentally friendly. In this paper, the liquid phase synthesis methods of noble metal and metal oxide nanomaterials were studied, and the catalytic properties of the obtained nanomaterials were preliminarily discussed. This paper mainly includes the following parts: (1) using gold (Au) octahedron as seed, Au@ZnO core-shell nanoparticles with uniform scale were successfully prepared in ethylene glycol and water mixed solution by seed growth method, and reaction temperature, solvent, reducing agent were studied. The influence of experimental parameters such as surfactant and precursor concentration on the formation of Au@ZnO core-shell nanoparticles, the formation mechanism of Au@Zn O core-shell nanoparticles, and the synthesis of Au@Zn O core-shell nanoparticles of different scales by adjusting the experimental parameters, The thickness of ZnO shell and the size of au core can be controlled rationally. The photoabsorption and photocatalytic properties of the obtained Au@Zn O core-shell nanoparticles are further studied. (2) Gold nanoparticles (gold octahedron) with different morphologies, Biprism) and gold and silver heterostructure nanorods were used as seeds, and different morphologies were successfully prepared in the mixed solution of ethylene glycol and water by the method of seed growth, and the core-shell nanoparticles of Au@ Cu _ 2O _ 2 were prepared, and the reaction temperature, solvent, reductant and surfactant were studied. The influence of experimental parameters such as precursor concentration on the formation of the composite nanocrystalline particles was studied. By adjusting the experimental parameters, we synthesized different scales of Aubo-Cu _ 2O _ (Cu _ 2O), Aur _ (R) O _ (2) O _ (2) Cu _ 2O nanoparticles, and the thickness of Cu2O shell and the size of au nucleus can be controlled rationally. The optical absorption properties of the composite nanoparticles were further studied.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TB383.1

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