前视声呐发射阵列关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-02-15 14:40

本文关键词： 前视声呐密度加权 D类功放 PWM 发射机　出处：《天津大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国对海洋资源开发的日益深入与海运贸易的发展,与海洋相关的各种技术也越来越受到重视。我国的海岸线辽阔,有着众多的港口,是发展中的海洋大国,发展海洋探测技术对我国海洋经济发展有着巨大的推动作用。前视声呐技术在保障水上交通安全,水下环境资源勘探,码头港口建设、内陆水资源调查、河道疏浚等领域有着广阔的应用前景。论文主要研究内容有:调研了目前前视声呐的发展现状及其工作原理。从波束形成的原理出发,对阵列设计的关键问题进行了阐述。针对阵列的旁瓣问题,对传统的幅度加权方法进行了分析,并提出了一种适合小阵元数声呐基阵使用的密度加权方法。针对前视声呐系统的具体要求,分析了各种功放形式优劣,最终选择了基于D类功放的发射机设计方案。并针对方案中暴露出来的幅相控制精度差、系统结构复杂等缺陷,提出了一种改良的PWM信号形式,对其进行计算仿真,给出了超声信号幅度与PWM脉冲宽度之间的计算公式,得到了满足要求的结果。设计了使用FPGA为控制核心,超声驱动芯片HV7350为功放核心的硬件电路,编写了FPGA程序,并通过实验验证了系统的功能。为前视声呐的研究发展提供了一定的理论参考。
[Abstract]:With the deepening development of marine resources and the development of maritime trade in China, more and more attention has been paid to various technologies related to the sea. China has a vast coastline, has many ports, and is a developing marine power. The development of ocean exploration technology plays a great role in promoting the development of marine economy in China. Forward looking sonar technology is used to ensure the safety of water transportation, the exploration of underwater environment and resources, the construction of ports and wharfs, and the investigation of inland water resources. River dredging and other fields have broad application prospects. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the development and working principle of foresight sonar are investigated, and the principle of beamforming is introduced. The key problems of array design are expounded, and the traditional amplitude weighting method is analyzed for the sidelobe problem of array. A density weighting method suitable for small array sonar array is proposed. According to the specific requirements of forward looking sonar system, the advantages and disadvantages of various power amplifier forms are analyzed. Finally, the transmitter design scheme based on class D power amplifier is selected, and a modified PWM signal form is proposed to solve the problems of poor amplitude and phase control accuracy and complex system structure. The calculation formula between the amplitude of ultrasonic signal and the pulse width of PWM is given, and the results are obtained. The hardware circuit using FPGA as the control core and the ultrasonic driver chip HV7350 as the core of power amplifier is designed, and the FPGA program is written. The function of the system is verified by experiments, which provides a theoretical reference for the research and development of forward looking sonar.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U666.7

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