锂基液态金属电池的研究

发布时间：2018-01-05 21:45

  本文关键词：锂基液态金属电池的研究　出处：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 大规模储能 液态金属电池 充放电循环

【摘要】：近年来,随着可再生能源技术的快速发展,加速了人们对低成本、长寿命、大容量储能系统的需求。大规模储能技术在增强未来电网的稳定性、可靠性、安全方面将起着至关重要的作用。2006年美国麻省理工学院(MIT)Sadoway团队提出“全液态金属电池”大规模储能的概念,受到国内外研究者的广泛关注。全液态金属电池不涉及隔膜与分离结构,具有电流密度高、循环寿命长、制作简单和易于放大等优点,在大规模储能中有着广阔的应用前景。本文通过混料试验设计方法,首先获得适用于锂基液态金属电池的低熔点全锂熔盐组分配比,测试出此组分熔盐体系(LiF-LiCl-LiBr)最基本的物性数据,然后开展以锂为负极的液态金属电池的研究,进行了锂基电池体系电极对的选择,1.2Ah容量原型电池制备与电化学性能测试,10Ah放大容量电池的密封结构设计、组装与充放电性能测试等。使用 Design-Expert 软件的混料设计模块(Mixture design techniques),选用单纯形格子设计(Simplex Lattice),优化(optimization)得到的LiF-LiCl-LiBr熔盐体系最低初晶温度值为416.586°C,摩尔百分比为21.2:30.8:48.0。此成分的初晶温度(熔点)测量值为444℃,460-520℃范围内的电导率测定值大于3.0S.cm-1、密度测定值介于2.17-2.42g.cm-3之间,满足锂基液态金属电池用熔盐特性的要求。按1.2Ah的理论容量、Li-Pb-Sb摩尔比例为45:38:17的全放电成分,使用LiF-LiCl-LiBr共晶电解质(Tm=444℃),电池组装后加热控温到490℃,在不同的电流密度下(150mA/cm2、300mA/cm2、500mA/cm2)进行了充放电循环测试。其中在150mA/cm2电流密度下实现98%的库伦效率和87.5%的电压效率,平均放电电压为0.8V,能量效率达到85.8%。电池的性能测试表明,液态金属和熔盐之间的电极-电解质界面上有超快的电荷转移动力学,液态金属电极内部有快速的物质传输。开展10Ah全密封电池的结构设计及试验,提出锂液内置式集流器的设计概念。通过1OAh电池多次的组装与测试,研究发现,放电过程中正极上还原出的金属Li不容易穿透较厚的Pb-Sb合金层,易在Pb-Sb合金层生成Li3Sb金属间化合物。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid development of renewable energy technology, people's demand for low cost, long life, large capacity energy storage system has been accelerated. Large scale energy storage technology is enhancing the stability and reliability of power grid in the future. Security will play a vital role. In 2006, MIT / Sadoway team proposed the concept of "all-liquid metal cells" for large-scale energy storage. Full liquid metal battery has many advantages, such as high current density, long cycle life, simple fabrication and easy amplification. It has a broad application prospect in large-scale energy storage. In this paper, the low melting point total lithium molten salt distribution ratio for lithium-base liquid metal batteries is obtained by mixing experimental design method. The basic physical properties of the molten salt system LiF-LiCl-LiBrwere tested, and then the study of the liquid metal battery with lithium as negative electrode was carried out, and the selection of electrode pairs of lithium-base battery system was carried out. Preparation and Electrochemical performance Test of 1.2Ah capacity prototype Battery sealed structure Design of 10Ah Amplified capacity Battery. Assembly, charge-discharge performance test, etc. Mix design module using Design-Expert software, mix design technique). Simplex Lattice. The lowest initial crystal temperature of LiF-LiCl-LiBr molten salt obtained by optimizing optimization is 416.586 掳C. The molar percentage is 21.2: 30.8: 48.0.The primary crystal temperature (melting point) of this composition is 444 鈩，

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