燃气发电机组周向拉杆转子非线性动力学特性研究

发布时间：2018-01-06 01:33

本文关键词：燃气发电机组周向拉杆转子非线性动力学特性研究　出处：《华北电力大学(北京)》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,重型发电燃气轮机在整体煤气化联合循环发电系统(IGCC系统)、燃气蒸汽联合循环发电系统等领域中得到了广泛的应用。与传统的蒸汽发电机组相比,燃气发电机组技术集成度更高、结构更加复杂,较高的工作温度和压力对燃气轮机的结构和材料提出了较大的挑战。转子系统是燃气轮机的核心部件,主要由压气机、透平以及相应的支承系统构成,开展燃气轮机转子动力学特性研究,对于保障燃气轮机安全稳定运行具有重要意义。本文依托于中央在京高校重大成果转化项目“大型燃气发电机组监测保护系统及应用”(ZDZH20141005401),以燃气轮机多盘拉杆式转子为对象,通过理论分析、数值模拟以及试验研究,对故障状态下拉杆转子系统的非线性动力学响应特性进行研究,所得结果对深入掌握拉杆转子系统动力学特性,提高燃气轮机转子设计制造水平和运行安全可靠性提供技术支持。论文的主要研究内容如下:(1)研究了拉杆转子在碰摩故障条件下的非线性动力学特性。建立了考虑轮盘之间接触特性的拉杆转子轴承系统非线性动力学模型,对轮盘发生碰摩条件下的转子响应进行求解,探讨了系统转速、静子径向刚度、不平衡质量偏心距等参数对转子动力学特性的影响。通过与整体转子系统的碰摩响应特性对比分析表明:考虑轮盘之间的接触特性与不考虑轮盘之间接触特性的碰摩转子系统响应特性存在较大差异;静子径向刚度、偏心量、转速对系统响应特性影响较大,碰摩力主要影响系统高转速区域的响应特性。(2)研究了具有初始弯曲的拉杆转子轴承系统的非线性动力学特性。在拉杆转子轴承系统动力学模型中考虑转轴初始弯曲的影响,计算分析了转子系统响应,讨论了系统转速、初始弯曲量等参数对系统响应的影响。结果表明:在分析具有初始弯曲故障的拉杆转子系统的动力学响应特性的时候,将拉杆转子近似的作为整体转子处理是不合适的,建模时应考虑轮盘之间接触特性的影响;初始弯曲故障主要影响系统低转速区域的响应特性,随着初始弯曲量的增加,系统的失稳转速逐渐增加,同时系统的混沌运动区域逐渐减小。(3)研究了初始弯曲与碰摩耦合条件下的拉杆转子非线性动力学特性。基于达朗贝尔原理建立了考虑初始弯曲、轮盘接触特性、非线性油膜力、碰摩力的拉杆转子轴承系统动力学模型,求解响应,讨论了系统转速、静子径向刚度、初始弯曲量等参数对系统耦合非线性动力学响应特性的影响。结果表明:不同故障模式下,拉杆转子轴承系统的非线性动力学响应表现不同;与单一故障相比,耦合故障对拉杆转子轴承系统动力学特性的影响更为显著,在低转速区域,初始弯曲故障对系统的响应特性影响较大,随着转速的升高碰摩故障逐渐成为影响系统运动特性的主导因素。(4)多盘拉杆转子振动特性的试验研究。设计搭建了多盘拉杆转子实验台及振动测试系统,采用模态参数辨识的方法识别多盘拉杆转子系统在不同预紧力情况下的结构特性。通过研究发现多盘拉杆转子结构一阶弯振固有频率以及二阶弯振固有频率随拉杆螺栓拧紧力的升高呈现逐渐增大的趋势;轮盘之间接触面的应力分布对结构的固有特性产生影响。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the heavy gas turbine for electricity generation in integrated gasification combined cycle power generation system (IGCC system), the field of gas steam combined cycle power generation system has been widely used. Compared with the traditional steam turbine, gas turbine technology to a higher degree of integration, the structure is more complex, presented a larger challenge higher temperature and pressure of the structure and material of the gas turbine. The rotor system is the core components of gas turbine, mainly by the compressor, turbine and a corresponding supporting system, to carry out research on the dynamic characteristics of gas turbine rotor, has important significance for guaranteeing the safe and stable operation of the gas turbine. This paper is based on the monitoring and protection system of large gas turbines in central Beijing University major achievement transformation project "and application" (ZDZH20141005401), the gas turbine disc rod type rotor as the research object, through theoretical analysis Analysis, numerical simulation and experimental study on the nonlinear dynamic response characteristics, the rotor system under fault condition is studied, the result of the master rod rotor system dynamics, improve the gas turbine rotor design and manufacture level and operation safety and reliability to provide technical support. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: (1) study on nonlinear dynamic characteristics the rotor of the rubbing fault conditions. The nonlinear dynamic characteristics of rod rotor bearing system model considering the contact between the wheel of the wheel, occurrence of rotor rub impact response under conditions are solved, discusses the system speed, stator radial stiffness, unbalance mass eccentricity parameters of the rotor dynamic characteristics. With the whole rotor system with characteristics of comparative analysis shows that the response of friction: considering the contact characteristics between the wheel and not consider Roulette There is a big difference between the rotor system response characteristics between the contact characteristics; the stator radial stiffness, eccentricity, rotational speed of the system response characteristics influence response characteristics of main influencing system through touch the high speed region. (2) studied the nonlinear dynamics with initial bending of the rotor bearing system. Considering the influence of initial rotating shaft in the bending of the rod rotor bearing system dynamics model, analyzed the response of rotor system, discusses the system speed, influence of initial bending parameters on the response of the system. The results show that when the dynamics of rotor system with initial bending failure in the analysis of the response characteristics, the rotor as a whole rotor is approximate not appropriate, modeling should be considered characteristic of contact between the wheel; response characteristics mainly affect the initial bending faults of low speed region And with the increase of initial bending, the instability speed of the system increases gradually, the chaotic motion area while the system decreases gradually. (3) studied the nonlinear dynamics of the rotor with initial bending and rubbing coupling conditions. The Darren Bell principle is established considering initial bending based on wheel contact characteristics, nonlinear oil film force, response solving the dynamic rod rotor bearing system model, rub impact, discusses the system speed, stator radial stiffness, influence of initial bending and other parameters on the coupled nonlinear dynamic response characteristics. The results show that different kinds of failure modes, rod rotor bearing system with nonlinear dynamic response performance of different; compared with the single fault, the influence of coupling the fault dynamic characteristics of rod fastening rotor bearing system is more significant in the low speed region, the response characteristics of the initial bending on the rotor system with greater impact With the increase of speed of rubbing fault has become the dominant factors influencing the system motion characteristics. (4) experimental study on multi disc rotor vibration characteristics. The design of multi disc rotor experimental platform and vibration test system, the identification of modal parameter identification method of multi disc rotor rod system under different preload conditions the structure characteristics used. Through the study found that increased gradually increasing trend of multi disc rotor structure of bending vibration natural frequency and the two order bending vibration frequency with the bolt tightening force; stress distribution influence on the inherent characteristics of the structure of the contact surface between the wheel.

【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM314

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