有源无源混合的三相电力平衡技术研究

发布时间：2018-01-19 18:30

本文关键词： 混合三相电力平衡技术特殊电抗器设计三相不平衡治理 DSP Simulink 仿真　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着科学技术的发展及生产生活水平的上升,居民负荷的类型日益丰富,用电量连年攀升。在低压配电系统中,三相不平衡、谐波等电能质量问题日益突出,对低压配电系统的稳定运行及用电安全造成影响。有源电力滤波技术虽然谐波处理能力强大,但是价格昂贵且不适合处理零序电流。本课题同山东邦世电气有限公司合作,开发有源无源混合的三相电力平衡器。本文首先陈述了三相不平衡问题的危害及治理措施,讲述了部分国家三相不平衡度的定义,明确了国标中对三相不平衡度的定义。然后讲述了三相电力平衡技术及电力滤波技术的发展现状,简要的陈述了各种电能质量治理技术的优缺点。在此基础上,本文介绍了混合三相电力平衡技术的基本结构及原理,说明了混合三相电力平衡技术在三相不平衡问题治理上的优越性。混合三相电力平衡器的无源模块由两个特殊的电抗器构成,他们是零序阻断器(ZSBT)和曲折接线变压器(Zig-Zag变压器)。其中Zig-Zag变压器实际上是只有一次侧绕组的曲折接线的接地变压器,但其额定电压为400V,它的设计是在传统变压器设计的基础上根据其自身特点进行设计,并制作样机进行实际测试。ZSBT是三个相线绕组绕在同一铁芯柱上的电抗器,它的设计是在传统电抗器设计方法的基础上根据其自身结构特点设计出其主要参数,然后在ANSOFT中建立3D仿真模型,分析修正其主要参数,最后制作样机进行实际测试。混合三相电力平衡器的有源模块主要包括电流检测、主电路、电流跟踪、PWM控制。电流检测方法的种类很多,本文采用基于瞬时无功理论的方法检测不平衡电流及谐波电流,并且在Simulink中建立电流检测的仿真模型,进行仿真分析。本文的PWM控制方式采用直流电压利用率较高的SVPWM控制方式,并在DSP中编写跟踪正弦电压矢量的C语言程序,验证其效果。本文采用相对于二电平逆变电路更加稳定的二极管钳位的三电平逆变电路作为主电路,并介绍了其基本结构及工作原理。电流跟踪方式采用PI+重复控制的方法,对其流程图进行推导分析。混合三相电力平衡器的控制系统是基于DSPTMS320F28335的控制系统,以DSP的工业核心板为核心器件,设计三相电压、三相电流及直流侧电压等模拟量的检测电路、过零检测等开关量检测电路、电源电路、输出放大转化电路、通信电路。在硬件设计的基础上,本文根据混合电力平衡器的控制要求设计了相对应的控制软件。最后,本文根据设计的混合三相电力平衡器在Simulink中建立仿真模型,对电力平衡器进行分析,并根据已有的实验条件对样机进行测试分析。
[Abstract]:With the development of science and technology and the rise of production and living standard, the type of resident load is becoming more and more abundant, and the electricity consumption is rising year after year. In the low voltage distribution system, the power quality problems such as three-phase imbalance and harmonic are becoming more and more prominent. It has an impact on the stable operation of low-voltage distribution system and the safety of power consumption. Although the active power filter technology is powerful in harmonic processing. But the price is expensive and it is not suitable to deal with zero sequence current. This paper first describes the harm of the three-phase imbalance problem and its treatment measures, and describes the definition of three-phase imbalance degree in some countries. The definition of three-phase unbalance in national standard is clarified. Then the development of three-phase power balance technology and power filter technology are described, and the advantages and disadvantages of various power quality treatment techniques are briefly stated. This paper introduces the basic structure and principle of hybrid three-phase power balance technology. The advantages of hybrid three-phase power balance technology in the treatment of three-phase imbalance problem are explained. The passive module of hybrid three-phase power balancer consists of two special reactors. They are ZSBT (zero sequence blocker) and Zig-Zag transformers with zigzag wiring. Among them, Zig-Zag transformers are actually ground transformers with only one side winding with a zigzag connection. But its rated voltage is 400V, its design is based on the traditional transformer design according to its own characteristics. ZSBT is a reactor with three phase wire windings wrapped on the same core column. Its design is based on the traditional reactor design method according to its own structural characteristics to design its main parameters, and then in ANSOFT 3D simulation model, analysis and correction of its main parameters. The active module of the hybrid three-phase power balancer mainly includes current detection, main circuit, current tracking PWM control. There are many kinds of current detection methods. In this paper, the method based on instantaneous reactive power theory is used to detect the unbalanced current and harmonic current, and the simulation model of current detection is established in Simulink. The PWM control mode in this paper adopts the SVPWM control mode with high DC voltage utilization, and compiles the C language program to track the sinusoidal voltage vector in DSP. In this paper, the diode clamped three-level inverter circuit, which is more stable than the two-level inverter circuit, is used as the main circuit. The basic structure and working principle of the system are introduced. The Pi repetitive control method is used in the current tracking mode. The control system of hybrid three-phase power balancer is based on DSPTMS320F28335 and takes the industrial core board of DSP as the core device. Three phase voltage, three phase current and DC side voltage analog detection circuit, zero detection and other switching detection circuit, power circuit, output amplifier conversion circuit, communication circuit. On the basis of hardware design. The corresponding control software is designed according to the control requirements of the hybrid power balancer. Finally, the simulation model of the hybrid three-phase power balancer is established in Simulink. The power balancer is analyzed, and the prototype is tested and analyzed according to the existing experimental conditions.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM714.3;TM732

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