三相光伏发电系统逆变器的PCH控制研究

发布时间：2018-01-23 01:41

本文关键词： 光伏发电 PWM逆变器非线性系统能量成形 PCH　出处：《青岛大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：目前发展清洁可持续的太阳能是能有效应对能源与环境问题的重要方式之一。光伏发电作为利用太阳能的主要的途径之一获得人们的重视并得到大力的发展。逆变器是使得光伏发电系统能够实现给负载供电或者并网功能的重要器件,其性能对整个发电系统有着极为重要的影响。电压型三相PWM逆变器在光伏发电系统的研究和设计中有较多的应用,然而该种逆变器是一个耦合的非线性系统,传统的控制方法的思路是设计传递函数,参数整定过于复杂且控制效果不佳。近来,端口受控哈密顿(port-controlled Hamilton,PCH)控制理论日愈受到人们的关注,其依据能量成形的控制方法,并能够很好地解决非线性系统的控制问题。对于逆变器的控制,其优点是参数设计的物理意义明确且简易、无需对系统解耦以及稳定性分析简单。本文主要是对适用于光伏发电中的逆变器的PCH控制方法进行相关的研究。(1)首先阐述了发展光伏发电及研究适用于光伏发电的逆变器的重要意义,然后对光伏发电系统进行了介绍,随后着重介绍了与逆变器相关的控制理论及其优点与不足从而引出了PCH控制方法,并进一步介绍了PCH的研究现状和控制思路。(2)分别建立了独立运行的三相逆变器分别在三相静止以及两相旋转坐标系下的普通数学模型。根据PCH理论并结合普通数学模型建立了独立运行逆变器的PCH模型,给出了独立运行逆变器的PCH控制器并给出具体的设计思路,并最终依据仿真实验的结果验证了独立运行光伏逆变器的PCH控制的优良性能。(3)在对并网光伏逆变器的控制研究中,首先确定了直接电流控制的控制方法,将PCH控制理论与直接电流控制方法相结合,从而设计了并网型三相逆变器的PCH控制器并给出了具体的设计思路。通过分析仿真实验的结果从而验证了PCH控制在并网逆变器控制中的性能。为了进一步验证PCH控制的性能,在相同实验条件下与传统的VOC(voltage oriented control)矢量控制进行对比。(4)在并网逆变器的PCH控制的基础上进行了两个方面的扩展。一是设计了带有升压功能的并网逆变器的整体PCH控制器并通过仿真实验进行验证,解决了直流侧输入电压较低不能完成逆变的问题。二是进行了对含光伏电池的动态光伏逆变系统进行复合PCH控制的研究,提出了一种结合PCH控制,PI(proportion integration)控制以及最大功率点跟踪控制的控制思路来共同控制两级式的光伏发电系统。最终依据仿真实验的结果验证了PCH控制在动态的两级式的光伏发电系统中的可行性及其优良的性能。论文最后对本论文中所做的工作和不足之处进行了总结,并指出未来需要改进并研究的工作。
[Abstract]:At present, the development of clean and sustainable solar energy is one of the important ways to effectively deal with energy and environment problems. Photovoltaic power generation as one of the main ways to use solar energy has been paid attention to and developed vigorously. Transformer is an important device that enables photovoltaic power generation system to supply power to the load or connect to the grid. Its performance is very important to the whole power generation system. Voltage source three-phase PWM inverter has many applications in the research and design of photovoltaic power generation system. However, this kind of inverter is a coupling nonlinear system, the traditional control method is to design transfer function, the parameter tuning is too complex and the control effect is not good. Port controlled Hamiltonian Hamiltonian (PCH) control theory has attracted more and more attention, and it is based on the control method of energy forming. And it can solve the control problem of nonlinear system very well. For the control of inverter, its advantage is that the physical meaning of parameter design is clear and simple. There is no need to decouple the system and the stability analysis is simple. This paper mainly focuses on the research of PCH control method suitable for photovoltaic inverter. Firstly, the importance of developing photovoltaic power generation and studying the inverter suitable for photovoltaic power generation is expounded. Then the photovoltaic power generation system is introduced, and then the control theory related to the inverter and its advantages and disadvantages are emphatically introduced, which leads to the PCH control method. Furthermore, the research status and control ideas of PCH are introduced. The general mathematical models of independent three-phase inverter in three-phase static and two-phase rotating coordinate system are established respectively. According to PCH theory and combined with common mathematical model, the PCH of independent operation inverter is established. Model. The PCH controller of independent operation inverter is given and the design idea is given. Finally, according to the results of simulation experiments, the excellent performance of PCH control of independently running photovoltaic inverter is verified in the research of grid-connected photovoltaic inverter control. Firstly, the direct current control method is determined, and the PCH control theory is combined with the direct current control method. The PCH controller of grid-connected three-phase inverter is designed and the concrete design idea is given. The performance of PCH control in grid-connected inverter is verified by analyzing the simulation results. Step to verify the performance of PCH control. Comparing with traditional VOC(voltage oriented control vector control under the same experimental conditions. Based on the PCH control of grid-connected inverter, two aspects are extended. One is to design a PCH controller of grid-connected inverter with boost function and verify it by simulation experiment. It solves the problem that low input voltage on DC side can not complete the inverter. Second, the research of compound PCH control for dynamic photovoltaic inverter system with photovoltaic cells is carried out, and a kind of combined PCH control is proposed. PI(proportion integration). The control ideas of control and maximum power point tracking control are used to control the two-stage photovoltaic power generation system. Finally, the feasibility of PCH control in dynamic two-stage photovoltaic power generation system is verified by the simulation results. Finally, the paper summarizes the work and shortcomings of this paper. It also points out the work that needs to be improved and studied in the future.
【学位授予单位】：青岛大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM615;TM464

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