永磁同步电机弱磁控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-01-30 08:31

本文关键词： 永磁同步电机矢量控制弱磁控制传统双电流调节器单电流调节器　出处：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：摘要：随着全球能源危机的不断加剧以及环境问题的进一步恶化,新能源汽车作为一种能够高效利用有限的资源且对环境友好的交通工具受到了各方的关注,这也促进了新能源汽车的发展。永磁同步电机由于其相对直流电机具有较大的功率密度和较异步电机更优的控制性能,成为了电动汽车研究中的一个重要对象。本文在永磁同步电机的数学模型基础上,研究了基于转子磁场定向的矢量控制方法,进一步对永磁同步电机的弱磁控制进行了研究,采用不同的弱磁控制方法对电机进行了仿真研究和结果分析。对永磁同步电机的几种不同的转子结构进行了介绍,根据隐极式和凸极式永磁同步电机直轴电感值和交轴电感值的不同,建立各自的数学模型。在数学模型的基础上介绍永磁同步电机的控制技术,分别为转子磁场定向的矢量控制技术和直接转矩控制技术,并对转子磁场定向控制中的零直轴电流控制和最大转矩电流比控制进行了分析。研究了基于传统双电流调节器的永磁同步电机弱磁控制,为了更好地展开对弱磁的分析,利用电压极限椭圆和电流极限圆的概念对基于双电流调节器的普通恒转矩弱磁控制和超前角弱磁控制进行研究,前者是通过跟踪恒转矩曲线与电压极限椭圆的交点来实现弱磁,后者则是通过补偿电流矢量的角度,再由角度和电流矢量的幅值给定交直轴电流,之后对最大输出功率弱磁控制进行了介绍。之后本文重点研究了基于单电流调节器的永磁同步电机弱磁控制,在采用传统双电流调节器进行弱磁控制的过程中,会出现在深度弱磁情况下电流调节器之间相互耦合程度加重的情况,易使控制系统失去控制,为了解决这个问题采用单电流调节器弱磁控制,对基于单电流调节器的两种弱磁控制方法——电压角度法和变交轴电压法分别进行了研究。本文最后搭建模型对永磁同步电机最基本的矢量控制id=0和MTPA进行了仿真研究,对比两种控制方法在控制性能上的差异；之后分别对基于传统双电流调节器的永磁同步电机弱磁控制的几种方法进行了仿真研究,分析各自的仿真结果；在此基础上对基于单电流调节器的永磁同步电机弱磁控制的两种方法进行了仿真研究,对两种控制方法下的波形进行了分析比较。
[Abstract]:Absrtact: with the aggravation of the global energy crisis and the further deterioration of environmental problems, new energy vehicles as a kind of efficient use of limited resources and environmentally friendly vehicles have attracted attention. The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has higher power density than DC motor and better control performance than asynchronous motor. In this paper, based on the mathematical model of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), the vector control method based on rotor flux orientation is studied. The weak magnetic field control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) is further studied, and the simulation research and result analysis of PMSM are carried out by using different weak magnetic field control methods. Several different rotor structures of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) are introduced in this paper. According to the difference of the direct axis inductance and the cross axis inductance of the permanent magnet synchronous motor with hidden pole and salient pole. On the basis of the mathematical model, the control technology of permanent magnet synchronous motor is introduced, which includes rotor flux oriented vector control technology and direct torque control technology. The zero-axis current control and the maximum torque current ratio control in the rotor flux-oriented control are analyzed. The magnetic weakening control of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) based on the traditional dual current regulator is studied in order to develop the analysis of the weak magnetic field better. Based on the concepts of voltage limit ellipse and current limit circle, the general constant torque weak magnetic control and leading angle weak magnetic control based on double current regulator are studied. The former realizes weak magnetic field by tracking the intersection point of constant torque curve and voltage limit ellipse, while the latter realizes weak magnetic field by compensating the angle of current vector, and then gives the alternating straight axis current by angle and amplitude of current vector. Then the maximum output power weak magnetic control is introduced. Then this paper focuses on the single current regulator based on the permanent magnet synchronous motor weak magnetic control, in the process of using the traditional dual current regulator to control the weak magnetic field. In order to solve this problem, the coupling between the current regulators is aggravated and the control system is easily out of control. In order to solve this problem, the single current regulator is used to control the weak magnetic field. Two weak magnetic control methods based on single current regulator, voltage angle method and alternating axis voltage method, are studied respectively. At the end of this paper, the basic vector control id=0 and MTPA are simulated and studied, and the difference of control performance between the two control methods is compared. Then, several methods of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) weak magnetic control based on traditional dual current regulator are simulated, and their simulation results are analyzed. On this basis, two methods of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) weak magnetic control based on single current regulator are simulated, and the waveforms under the two control methods are analyzed and compared.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TM341

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