燃煤机组参与深度调峰消纳可再生能源的可行性分析

发布时间：2018-03-06 01:06

本文选题：新能源　切入点：燃煤机组　出处：《华北电力大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着环境保护、节能减排等观念得到各国普遍认同,风电、光伏发电等不稳定性极强的新能源越来越多的被开发利用、并网发电。为了消纳新能源,并考虑到我国用电负荷峰谷差逐渐加大的现状,发电机组不得不进行深度调峰。而基于我国特殊的电源结构,火电机组占主导地位,其中又以燃煤机组居多,为保障电网的平稳安全运行,燃煤机组参与深度调峰势在必行。因此研究燃煤机组参与深度调峰的可行性具有重要意义。本文针对当前我国电力装机结构现状,对各类型机组的调峰性能进行了分析比较,结果表明:核电机组调峰深度有限,调峰经济性和安全性都不高;燃气机组的燃料和运行成本过高;水电站受地域限制大且调峰成本较高;另外,核电、气电和抽水蓄能电站在我国的装机占比过小,总的调峰容量非常有限,因此,这几种电源都无法承担深度调峰的主力任务。燃煤机组存量大,运行经验丰富,调峰性能适中,因此堪当大任。燃煤机组参与深度调峰,势必会在更低的负荷下运行,因此有必要了解其在更低负荷下的热力特性和安全性。燃煤机组在低负荷下运行时,烟气温度降低,蒸汽量和烟气量都减少,易发生的炉膛燃烧不稳定等问题。对此本文提供了诸如降低着火热、增加着火供热、配煤等低负荷稳燃手段,并进行了详细介绍。此外,热电联产机组在电力系统中占比很大,而且由于我国的“以热定电”政策,其参与调峰的能力较差。本文介绍了“热点解耦”条件下四种可能提高热电联产机组调峰性能的手段,分别是主蒸汽旁路补偿法、电加热补偿法、储热补偿法以及电加热+储能联合补偿法。
[Abstract]:With the concept of environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction widely accepted by all countries, wind power, photovoltaic power generation and other highly volatile new energy sources are increasingly being developed and used, connected to grid power generation. In order to absorb new energy, Considering the increasing power load peak and valley difference in our country, the generator set has to carry out deep peak-shaving. Based on the special power supply structure of our country, the thermal power unit occupies the leading position, among which the coal-fired unit is the majority. In order to ensure the smooth and safe operation of power grid, it is imperative for coal-fired units to participate in deep peak-shaving. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the feasibility of coal-fired units participating in deep peak-shaving. The peak-shaving performance of various types of units is analyzed and compared. The results show that the peak-shaving depth of nuclear power unit is limited, the economy and security of peak-shaving are not high, the fuel and operation cost of gas-fired unit is too high. The hydropower station is limited by the region and the cost of peak shaving is high. In addition, the installed power station of nuclear power, gas and pumped storage power station is too small in our country, and the total peak-shaving capacity is very limited, so, These power sources are unable to undertake the main tasks of deep peak shaving. Coal-fired units have a large stock, have rich operation experience, and have moderate peak-shaving performance, so they are worthy of great responsibility. If coal-fired units participate in deep peak-shaving, they are bound to operate under lower loads. Therefore, it is necessary to understand its thermodynamic characteristics and safety under lower load. When the coal-fired unit operates under low load, the flue gas temperature decreases, and the amount of steam and smoke decreases. In this paper, some low load stable combustion methods such as reducing fire heat, increasing ignition and heating, blending coal and so on are introduced in detail. In addition, the heat and power cogeneration units account for a large proportion of the power system. Because of our country's policy of "fixing power by heat", its ability to participate in peak-shaving is poor. This paper introduces four ways to improve the peak-shaving performance of cogeneration units under the condition of "hot spot decoupling", which are the main steam bypass compensation method, respectively. Compensation method for electric heating, compensation for heat storage and combined compensation for energy storage by electric heating.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM73

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