磁悬浮人工心脏泵用永磁无刷直流电机及其控制的设计研究

发布时间：2018-03-11 20:01

本文选题：人工心脏泵　切入点：磁悬浮　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：心力衰竭是当今世界共同面临的一个难题,人工心脏泵的出现为心力衰竭的治疗提供了一条有效的途径。磁悬浮技术凭借其无接触无摩擦的优点被广泛应用到各个领域。磁悬浮人工心脏泵发展迅速,可以解决机械轴承心脏泵存在的溶血和血栓问题,增加心脏泵的使用寿命和稳定性。人工心脏泵正常工作需要驱动电机提供动力,两者的性能和参数直接相关,人工心脏泵作为植入式医疗器械,对驱动电机的体积、效率要求极为严格。本课题基于国内外的研究情况,设计了一种磁液混合悬浮、体积小、泵机一体化的直驱型轴流式人工心脏泵,研制了适用于人工心脏泵的新型永磁无刷直流电机及其控制器,电机定子采用无槽结构,尽可能增大了叶轮的布置空间,实验表明,所研制的驱动电机基本满足人工心脏泵的指标要求。本文首先综述了人工心脏泵及其驱动系统的发展历史、现状和趋势,详细介绍了国内外先进的心脏泵产品,阐述了永磁无刷直流电机的工作原理和数学模型,并重点介绍了无槽电机的特点和电磁特性,在此基础上,提出了本论文所采用的研究方法。本文从经典磁路计算和有限元仿真两个方面对电机参数进行了设计和优化。在磁路计算中,针对无槽电机的特殊结构,对传统磁路计算的公式进行了修正,提高了磁路设计的计算精度。使用Ansoft软件对无槽无刷直流电机进行建模仿真,重点分析了驱动电机的静态磁场分布、带载起动特性和额定损耗等问题。本文的设计方法将磁路计算的快速和有限元仿真高精度的特点相结合,设计并制造了满足人工心脏泵要求的驱动电机。在驱动控制部分,选用MicroLinear公司生产的无刷直流电机驱动与控制专用集成电路ML4435,采用无传感器控制方法,降低了控制难度和心脏泵的体积,实现了电机本体的驱动控制,调速范围宽。最后对本课题研制的电机本体及其驱动控制系统,进行了实验调试,使用磁悬浮轴承的驱动电机能够实现无接触、无摩擦的稳定运行,电机转速与外加电压之间呈严格的正比关系,实验数据达到了人工心脏泵的要求。
[Abstract]:Heart failure is a common problem in the world today. The appearance of artificial heart pump provides an effective way for the treatment of heart failure. Magnetic levitation technology has been widely used in various fields because of its advantages of non-contact and non-friction. It can solve the problems of hemolysis and thrombus in mechanical bearing heart pump, and increase the service life and stability of heart pump. The normal operation of artificial heart pump requires driving motor to provide power, and the performance and parameters of the two pump are directly related. As an implantable medical device, the artificial heart pump has strict requirements for the volume and efficiency of the drive motor. Based on the domestic and foreign research situation, a kind of magneto-hydraulic mixed suspension is designed, which is small in volume. A new type of permanent magnet brushless DC motor and its controller, which is suitable for artificial heart pump, has been developed. The stator of the motor is slotted, and the arrangement space of impeller is increased as much as possible. The experimental results show that the new type permanent magnet brushless DC motor and its controller are suitable for artificial heart pump. The developed motor basically meets the requirements of the artificial heart pump. Firstly, the development history, present situation and trend of the artificial heart pump and its driving system are summarized, and the advanced heart pump products at home and abroad are introduced in detail. The working principle and mathematical model of permanent magnet brushless DC motor are expounded, and the characteristics and electromagnetic characteristics of slotted motor are emphatically introduced. This paper presents the research methods used in this paper. In this paper, the parameters of the motor are designed and optimized from the two aspects of classical magnetic circuit calculation and finite element simulation. In the magnetic circuit calculation, the special structure of the slotted motor is considered. The formula of traditional magnetic circuit calculation is modified, and the calculation precision of magnetic circuit design is improved. The static magnetic field distribution of the drive motor is analyzed by using Ansoft software to model and simulate the slotted brushless DC motor. The design method of this paper combines the fast calculation of magnetic circuit with the high accuracy of finite element simulation, and designs and manufactures the driving motor which meets the requirements of artificial heart pump. The brushless DC motor drive and control ASIC ML4435 produced by MicroLinear Company is selected. The sensorless control method is adopted to reduce the control difficulty and the volume of the heart pump, and the drive control of the motor body is realized. Finally, the motor body and its drive control system developed by this subject are tested and debugged. The motor with magnetic suspension bearing can operate steadily without contact and friction. The motor speed is proportional to the applied voltage, and the experimental data meet the requirements of the artificial heart pump.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM33

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