有机单层和叠层太阳能电池的制备与研究

发布时间：2018-03-15 23:34

本文选题：非富勒烯　切入点：共轭聚和物　出处：《辽宁大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：有机太阳能电池是光电转换的重要运用之一,它具有制造成本低、质量轻和可以卷对卷生产等特征。实现电池高能量转换效率及稳定性是科研工作者-直研究的重点。本论文的研究主要围绕新型给受体材料的开发和器件稳定性结构的探索展开,研究了分子结构、器件参数、迁移率和微观形貌等方面的影响与相互关系,并同时对叠层串联电池的中间层进行探索,制备了传统结构和倒置结构的串联叠层电池。主要工作分为三个方面：第一,以PDIs为基本单元和DACH为桥链,设计、合成和表征一系列小分子受体材料。通过理论计算表明,DACH桥链的引入使得PPDI形成U型的分子骨架,有助于PDIs之间的π-π相互作用。我们将其制备成空气稳定性较好的倒置器件,本体异质结由外消旋体和光学纯的DACH-PPDIs小分子作为电子受体材料和PTB7-Th作为电子给体材料共混而成,并同时对该系列的电池进行微观形貌、迁移率、电子传输性质等进行表征。结果表明不同结构和烷基链长度对器件性能有一定的影响,且最高效率可以达到4.68%。这就为进一步设计非富勒烯受体材料提供了一定的理论思路。第二,以共轭聚合物给体材料概念出发,设计合成新型高迁移率的共聚物材料,IDT-T1和IDTT-T1;并与PC70BM为受体制备成传统结构太阳能电池,使得总体器件效率超过了6%。还研究该两组给体聚合物中延长了共轭链骨架后对器件性能的影响。结果表明,分子骨架的延长有利于聚合物空穴迁移率的提升,从而在器件中有较高的JSC,而且能够降低其HOMO能级,使得器件的Voc超过了0.9 V。为将来设计叠层以及多层电池提供了一个良好的适用条件。第三,合成和表征中间层电子传输层材料,纳米氧化锌(Nano-ZnO);并以宽带隙材料P3HT:1CBA为底层、IDTT-T1:PC7OBM为顶层制备了串联叠层电池,探索了不同中间层制备方法对电池效率的影响。研究结果表明使用Nano-ZnO、PE1和PEDOT:PSS (4083)制备而成的中间层能有效的促进电子空穴复合,最终在倒置结构中的最高的器件性能能超过7%。
[Abstract]:Organic solar cells are one of the important applications of photovoltaic conversion. The characteristics of light weight and rewinding can be produced. The realization of high energy conversion efficiency and stability of batteries is the focus of the research-direct research. The research in this thesis is mainly focused on the development of new recipient materials and the stability of devices. The exploration of structure, The effects and relationships of molecular structure, device parameters, mobility and microcosmic morphology are studied, and the interlayer of the stack series battery is also explored. A series stacked battery with traditional structure and inverted structure is fabricated. The main work is divided into three aspects: first, the design takes PDIs as the basic unit and DACH as the bridge chain. A series of small molecular receptor materials were synthesized and characterized. The theoretical calculation shows that the introduction of the bridge chain of PPDI leads to the formation of U-shaped molecular skeleton, which is helpful to the 蟺-蟺 interaction between PDIs. The bulk heterojunction is composed of racemes and optically pure DACH-PPDIs small molecules as electron acceptor materials and PTB7-Th as electron donor materials. The results show that different structure and length of alkyl chain have a certain influence on the performance of the device. The maximum efficiency can reach 4.68. This provides a theoretical idea for the further design of non-fullerene receptor materials. Secondly, based on the concept of conjugated polymer donor material, A new type of copolymers with high mobility, IDT-T1 and IDTT-T1, were designed and synthesized. Conventional solar cells were prepared with PC70BM as the receptor. The effect of the conjugated chain skeleton on the device performance is also studied. The results show that the prolongation of the molecular skeleton is beneficial to the enhancement of the hole mobility of the polymer. Therefore, there are higher JSCs in the device, and the HOMO energy level can be reduced, and the Voc of the device exceeds 0.9 V. it provides a good suitable condition for the design of stacked and multilayer batteries in the future. Nanocrystalline zinc oxide (ZnO) nanocrystalline oxide was synthesized and characterized as the interlayer electron transport layer material, and a series stacked battery was prepared by using the broadband gap material P3HT: 1CBA as the bottom layer and IDTT-T1: PC7OBM as the top layer. The effect of different interlayer preparation methods on the efficiency of the battery was explored. The results show that the intermediate layer prepared by Nano-ZnOOPE1 and PEDOT:PSS 4083) can effectively promote the electron hole recombination, and the highest device performance in the inverted structure can exceed 7 layers.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM914.4

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