横向磁通永磁电机驱动系统若干关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-16 00:03

本文选题：横向磁通永磁电机　切入点：漏磁　出处：《合肥工业大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：横向磁通永磁电机(TFPM)具有转矩密度高、设计自由度大、电路与磁路相互解耦等众多优点,然而尚不完善的设计流程、较大的漏磁与齿槽转矩等不足直接限制了TFPM的推广应用。因此,论文重点解决TFPM设计及其多目标优化、TFPM驱动系统关键传感器故障诊断与容错控制等关键技术,所取得的研究成果对于实现TFPM驱动系统在电动汽车等领域的推广应用无疑兼具重要的理论研究意义和工程应用价值。论文首先设计TFPM定、转子拓扑,将磁路计算与三维有限元分析相结合,确定TFPM参数及尺寸,基于有限元组合参数扫描完成兼顾漏磁与齿槽转矩抑制的TFPM初始方案设计,提出了TFPM从拓扑设计、磁路计算到漏磁与齿槽转矩兼顾抑制的设计流程。进而研究基于优化算法的TFPM多目标优化设计,重点攻克多目标优化算法和目标函数评价策略的合理选择及匹配、优化设计变量和目标函数确定、基于VBScript脚本的TFPM多目标优化设计流程实现等多项关键技术,形成TFPM多目标优化设计完整的且可供直接参考借鉴的解决方案。随后,为了实现永磁体利用率的有效提升,提出一种基于永磁体聚磁原理的表贴式TFPM转子永磁体减半方案,鉴于该方案辅助定子的存在导致工艺复杂及气隙精度难以保证的不足,继而设计无辅助定子的聚磁式TFPM,通过拓扑结构及磁路的合理匹配取消辅助定子,再基于田口正交矩阵试验设计,实现聚磁式TFPM漏磁与齿槽转矩的兼顾抑制且兼顾永磁体利用率的有效提升。以dSPACE平台为核心,完成TFPM驱动系统硬件、软件设计以及TFPM驱动系统试验台架的搭建,通过TFPM空载实验、TFPM驱动系统负载实验证实TFPM驱动系统方案设计的合理可行性。为了实现TFPM驱动系统的鲁棒稳定运行,将系统仿真研究和实验测试验证相结合,重点研究TFPM驱动系统的关键传感器故障在线诊断与容错控制。针对电流传感器故障,攻克因逆变器死区效应而导致的电流传感器故障诊断策略失效,系统难于实现电流传感器故障后容错运行的技术难题,提出集成逆变器死区补偿、电流传感器故障诊断与容错控制的TFPM驱动系统安全稳定运行的解决方案。针对基于旋转变压器的位置传感器故障,首先分析旋变故障所导致的位置偏差及在d、q轴定子电流中所呈现的故障特征,提出基于定子q轴电流故障特征的有效提取,再通过故障模式定位、识别和故障程度评估实现位置传感器故障的在线诊断,巧妙地回避逆变器死区效应引起的q轴电流脉动对位置传感器故障诊断精度的影响,再基于获取的位置偏差实现位置传感器故障后的TFPM驱动系统容错控制的系统解决方案。
[Abstract]:Transverse flux permanent magnet motor (TFPMM) has many advantages, such as high torque density, large degree of freedom in design, decoupling between circuit and magnetic circuit, etc. The application of TFPM is restricted directly by the shortcomings of magnetic flux leakage and slot torque. Therefore, the key technologies of TFPM design and multi-objective optimization are emphasized in this paper, such as fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control of key sensors in the driving system of TFPM. The research results obtained are undoubtedly of great theoretical significance and engineering application value for realizing the popularization and application of TFPM drive system in electric vehicle and other fields. Firstly, the paper designs the topology of TFPM stator and rotor. Combining magnetic circuit calculation with 3D finite element analysis, the TFPM parameters and dimensions are determined. Based on the scanning of finite element combination parameters, the initial scheme of TFPM with both flux leakage and slot torque suppression is designed, and the topology design of TFPM is proposed. The design flow of magnetic flux leakage and slot torque suppression is obtained. Then the multi-objective optimization design of TFPM based on optimization algorithm is studied, and the reasonable selection and matching of multi-objective optimization algorithm and objective function evaluation strategy are emphasized. The optimization design variables and objective functions are determined, and the TFPM multi-objective optimization design flow based on VBScript script is realized, which forms a complete solution for TFPM multi-objective optimization design and can be used for reference directly. In order to improve the utilization ratio of permanent magnets effectively, a surface paste TFPM rotor permanent magnet halving scheme based on the principle of permanent magnet accumulation is proposed. Due to the existence of auxiliary stator of this scheme, the process is complicated and the air gap precision is difficult to guarantee. Then, the magnetic accumulation type TFPMs without auxiliary stator are designed, and the auxiliary stator is cancelled by the reasonable matching of topology and magnetic circuit, and then the design is based on the Taguchi orthogonal matrix test. In order to realize the balance between magnetic flux leakage and slot torque of TFPM and the efficiency of permanent magnet utilization, the hardware and software design of TFPM drive system and the construction of TFPM driving system test-bed are completed with dSPACE platform as the core. In order to realize the robust and stable operation of the TFPM drive system, the system simulation is combined with the experimental test to verify the feasibility of the scheme design of the TFPM driver system, which is proved by the TFPM no-load experiment and the load experiment of the TFPM drive system. The key sensor fault diagnosis and fault tolerant control of TFPM drive system are studied in this paper. Aiming at the fault of current sensor, the fault diagnosis strategy of current sensor caused by dead time effect of inverter is overcome. It is difficult for the system to realize the technical problem of fault-tolerant operation after the fault of current sensor. The dead-time compensation of integrated inverter is proposed. Current sensor fault diagnosis and fault-tolerant control TFPM drive system safe and stable operation solution. Firstly, the position deviation caused by the rotating transformer fault and the fault characteristics presented in the stator current of the dnq axis are analyzed. The effective extraction of the fault feature based on the stator Q axis current is put forward, and then the fault mode is located. On-line fault diagnosis of position sensor is realized by identifying and evaluating fault degree, and the influence of Q-axis current pulsation caused by dead time effect of inverter on fault diagnosis accuracy of position sensor is avoided skillfully. Then, based on the obtained position deviation, the system solution of fault tolerant control of TFPM drive system after the fault of position sensor is realized.
【学位授予单位】：合肥工业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM351

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