纳米复合聚乙烯材料中的两相界面及其荷电行为

发布时间：2018-03-19 08:14

本文选题：纳米复合介质　切入点：陷阱　出处：《高电压技术》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：纳米复合聚烯烃绝缘材料有望在未来应用于高压直流电缆的制造,但纳米粒子改善介质电性能的根本机制尚未完全清楚。一般认为,在纳米复合聚烯烃介质中,纳米粒子与聚合物之间形成的两相界面对材料的宏观性能起到了关键性作用。Lewis和Takada分别基于胶体化学和静电学理论提出了不同的纳米复合介质中的界面模型,Tanaka根据经过表面处理的纳米粒子与聚合物基体之间的可能关系,提出了多核模型。这些模型都强调了界面对电荷的存储作用,认为复合介质通过存储电荷来改善介电性能。该文综合了国内外研究人员对纳米复合聚乙烯介质界面区微观表征的一些成果,研究人员的研究成果表明:静电力显微镜、同步辐射小角X射线散射、Zeta电位测量等方法和技术,可以作为探测纳米复合介质中的界面荷电现象的可行的手段。多种方法研究表明:在未经极化的Si O2、Al2O3复合聚乙烯体系中观测到了界面荷电分布,符合Lewis的界面荷电模型;而未经极化的Mg O复合体系中未探测到界面荷电现象。热刺激电流(TSC)测试表明复合体系的共同之处是形成均匀致密分布的深陷阱,而且材料的空间电荷抑制特性与这些深陷阱的存在密切相关。在纳米粒子与聚乙烯的复合物中,不论是纳米粒子与聚乙烯直接接触荷电,还是通过外场极化形成界面荷电,都可以理解成电荷入陷深陷阱,深陷阱界面荷电区激发的库仑场,是体系抑制空间电荷注入与改善直流电性的可能机制。
[Abstract]:Nano-composite polyolefin insulating materials are expected to be used in the manufacture of HVDC cables in the future, but the fundamental mechanism for the improvement of dielectric electrical properties by nano-particles is not completely clear. It is generally believed that in nano-composite polyolefin media, The formation of two-phase interface between nanoparticles and polymers plays a key role in the macroscopic properties of materials. Lewis and Takada have proposed an interface model in different nano-composite media based on colloidal chemistry and electrostatic theory respectively. According to the possible relationship between the surface treated nanoparticles and the polymer matrix, Multi-core models are proposed. These models emphasize the effect of the interface on the storage of charges. It is considered that the dielectric properties of composite media can be improved by storing charge. In this paper, some results of microcosmic characterization of interface region of nano-composite polyethylene are synthesized by domestic and foreign researchers. The research results of the researchers show that: hydrostatic microscope, Methods and techniques for measuring Zeta potential of small angle synchrotron radiation X-ray scattering, It can be used as a feasible means to detect the interfacial charge phenomenon in nano-composite medium. The results show that the interfacial charge distribution is observed in the unpolarized Sio _ 2 / Al _ 2O _ 3 composite polyethylene system, which accords with the interface charge model of Lewis. However, the interface charge phenomenon was not detected in the unpolarized MgO composite system, and the TSC-TSC-TSC-TSC-test indicated that the common feature of the composite system was to form a deep trap with uniform and dense distribution. Moreover, the space charge suppression property of the material is closely related to the existence of these deep traps. In the composite of nanoparticles and polyethylene, whether it is charged directly by contact with polyethylene or through external field polarization, the interface charge is formed. The Coulomb field excited by the charge region at the deep trap interface is the possible mechanism for the system to suppress space charge injection and improve the DC properties.
【作者单位】：哈尔滨理工大学工程电介质及其应用技术教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(51337002)~~
【分类号】：TM21

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