基于分级星形结构的低压电力线通信组网模型研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 12:46

  本文选题：新型组网模型　切入点：分级星形　出处：《兰州交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：低压电力线通信作为智能电网技术的一个重要分支,能有效促进电网技术与计算机信息技术的融合,同时,该技术也是实现电网、电信网、计算机网和有线电视网四网合一的关键技术。目前在智能电网的信息采集、智能家居、智能楼宇自动化、路灯控制系统中具有广泛的应用,在相关工业领域,得到了高度重视。目前对于低压电力线通信的研究大多集中在物理层和数据链路层,对于通信网络层的研究较少,研究深度不够。低压电力线通信组网以及动态路由技术在保障通信可靠性的基础上,要能够最大化的满足实际低压配电网结构,简化网络方式,更具科学化和规范化的网络特点,无论对于网络的运行管理和后期维护,还是在建设难度和成本上,都具有重要的意义。本文在参考了目前已研究的电力线通信组网模型和路由算法的基础上,针对低压电力线网络拓扑结构,探索了一种更适合、高效、简单的低压电力线通信组网方案,并对其进行了设计和特性研究。所做的工作和技术流程如下:(1)首先对低压配电系统结构进行了分析,从实际低压配电拓扑结构中,通过转化,得到一种星形结构的低压配电模型,通过理论分析,将此结构直接应用在低压电力线通信组网中,根据目前国内外目前组网的关键技术,利用中继技术实现各级子网的通信距离要求,提出了一种基于分级星形组网的新型低压电力线组网模型。依此展开对新型组网模型的探索。(2)根据模型结构,对其组网原理和组网方法进行了研究,制定了详细的组网方法流程,设计了具体的组网算法,星形子网中心点的选择采用中心点选取算法,文中也对其方法做了详细阐述。(3)针对新型组网模型,制定了路由传输协议,设计了数据包格式,详细阐述了数据在新型组网通信过程中的数据传输流程,对新型组网的数据传输协议作了具体规范。在此基础上,针对电力线通信具体时变性较强的问题,制定了本模型的动态路由重构策略,当网络通信环境较差时,能及时针对实时的网络环境进行路由重构,保障通信的可靠性。(4)借助OPNET网络仿真软件,对新型组网的路由协议进行了特性验证,在相同环境下,分别搭建了分级星形组网模型和分簇组网模型,在各自的路由协议下极性数据传输仿真。结果表明,本次制定的协议在实现通信正常传输的基础上,能有效降低信道冲突率。(5)在Delphi7.0编译环境下,设置有效通信距离为40m时,进行了初始化组网,针对网络通信状况变差的状况,设置有效距离由40m变化到30m,进行了动态路由特性验证,得到了较好的效果,在有效保障故障节点通信可靠性的基础上,简化了网络结构,减少了中继数量,这对于网络的后期维护和建设减材都具有正向促进作用。(6)最后对新型组网的通信传输的耗时问题进行了研究,通过对比分析发现,本次探索研究的新型低压电力线通信模型存在耗时问题,在多种情况下的传输耗时都比分簇组网要略高一些,但是本组网模型针对的是智能电网的信息采集、智能楼宇自动化等对实时性要求不高的系统,以一定的传输耗时来换取更优良的组网系统是可取的。
[Abstract]:Low voltage power line communication is an important branch of smart grid technology, can effectively promote the integration of network technology and computer information technology at the same time, the technology is to achieve power grid, telecommunication network, computer network and cable television network four network is a key technology. At present in the collection of information, intelligent power grid intelligent intelligent Home Furnishing. Building automation, is widely used in the street lamp control system, in the industrial field, has been highly valued. At present the research on low-voltage power line communication is mostly in the physical layer and data link layer, network communication layer for less, the depth of research. The low voltage power line communication network and dynamic routing technology based on ensure the communication reliability, to maximize meet the actual distribution network structure, simplify the network, network features more scientific and standardized, both for the The operation of the network management and maintenance, or in the construction of the difficulty and cost, has important significance. Based on power line communication network model and the routing algorithm has been studied on the low-voltage power line network topology, to explore a more suitable, high efficiency, low voltage power line communication network the scheme is simple, and has carried on the research design and characteristics. The work and technical process are as follows: (1) the first of the low-voltage distribution system structure was analyzed from the actual low voltage distribution topology, through the transformation, get low voltage distribution model of a star structure, through theoretical analysis, the structure direct application in low-voltage power line communication network, according to the current domestic and foreign current network key technology, relay technology to realize the communication distance of sub network requirements, we propose a classification based on Star Group A new power line network networking model. This research of new network model. (2) according to the model structure, the network principle and the network method, develop a process with networking method, network specific algorithm design, the center point of the star subnet using the center point selection algorithm. In this paper, the method described in detail. (3) based on the new network model, making the design of routing protocol, the data packet format, detailed data in the data transmission process model in the process of network communication, data transmission protocol of the new network made specific norms. On this basis, according to the power line communication specific strong time-varying problem, developed a dynamic routing reconstruction strategy of the model, when the network communication environment, timely routing reconstruction for real-time network environment, security communication can be . (4) by using OPNET network simulation software, a new routing protocol to the network are characteristic of verification, in the same environment, namely to build a hierarchical star network model and clustering model, the routing protocols in each of the polarity of the data transmission simulation. The results show that this protocol based on the normal communication transmission, can effectively reduce the channel conflict rate. (5) in the Delphi7.0 compiler environment, set up effective communication distance is 40m, the initialization of network, for network communication in poor condition, set up the effective distance varies from 40m to 30m, the dynamic routing performance verification, get better in effect, effectively guarantee the reliability of fault node communication, simplify the network structure, reduce the number of relays, the network maintenance and construction and materials have a positive role in promoting. (6) at the end of the model group Time-consuming problem of communication network is studied, through the comparative analysis, the exploration of new low voltage power line communication model research is time-consuming, transmission in various conditions are time-consuming score networking is higher, but the network model is the information acquisition of the smart grid, intelligent building automation system not high requirements of real-time, to a certain time in exchange for the transmission network system more excellent is desirable.

【学位授予单位】：兰州交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM73

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