杂多酸掺杂质子交换膜的制备、结构及性能

发布时间：2018-03-23 05:03

本文选题：质子交换膜　切入点：杂多酸　出处：《材料导报》2017年01期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：作为含有多金属氧酸Keggin分子构型的固体强酸,杂多酸(HPAs)具有优异的吸水性、质子传导性(cp)、机械、热及化学稳定性。HPA掺杂陶瓷或聚合物质子交换膜(PEMs)可以有效提高复合PEMs的亲水性、cp、燃料阻隔性、机械、热及化学稳定性,同时显著降低其cp及燃料阻隔性的温度与湿度依赖性。当HPA掺杂陶瓷时,两者之间的氢键作用导致HPA在基体中的流失率低、分散性强且掺杂量高,此时复合PEMs的cp(10~(-1) S/cm数量级)较基体PEMs(10~(-3)~10~(-2) S/cm)大幅升高;而当HPA掺杂磺化聚合物时,两者之间的静电排斥力造成HPA在基体中的流失率高、分散性差且掺杂量低,此时复合PEMs的cp(10~(-1) S/cm数量级)较基体PEMs(10~(-2)~10~(-1) S/cm)仅小幅升高。为了有效降低HPA在聚合物基体中的流失率,可以采用聚合物膜"三明治"状包覆复合PEMs、盐化HPA、改性基体或通过第三组分负载HPA以分别在HPA与基体或负载之间形成氢键或静电引力等手段;对于HPA的负载改性,由于陶瓷或聚合物负载在基体中易团簇,相应地HPA在基体中的分散性与掺杂量并未提高。有时采用HPA与吸水性较强的磷酸共掺杂陶瓷基体或负载,以协同提高复合PEMs的cp,然而效果并不显著。以上各种结构的HPA掺杂PEMs通常由溶液浇铸法、自组装法、溶胶-凝胶法及浸润法等制备;不同方法往往相互关联,即制备过程可能涉及两种或3种方法的耦合使用。改性HPA或其负载以显著提高HPA在磺化聚合物基体中的分散性与掺杂量,借此构建全新、高效的质子传输通道形态以实现复合PEMs的超高cp(100S/cm数量级),是今后PEMs技术的重点发展方向之一。
[Abstract]:As a solid acid containing polyoxometalates with Keggin molecular configuration of heteropoly acid (HPAs) has excellent water absorption, proton conductivity (CP), mechanical, thermal and chemical stability of.HPA doped ceramic or polymer proton exchange membrane (PEMs) can effectively improve the hydrophilicity of PEMs composite, CP, fuel barrier, mechanical, heat and the chemical stability, while significantly reducing the temperature and humidity of the CP and the fuel barrier dependence. When HPA doped ceramics, hydrogen bonding between the two lead HPA in the matrix and the loss rate of low, high dispersion and high doping concentration, CP composite PEMs the (10~ (-1) S/cm) compared with the matrix PEMs (10~ (-3) ~10~ (-2) S/cm) significantly increased; and when HPA doped sulfonated polymer, electrostatic repulsion between the two caused by HPA in the matrix of the high turnover rate, poor dispersion and low doping content, the composite PEMs CP (10~ (-1) S/cm) compared with the substrate (PEMs 10~ (-2) ~10~ (-1) S/cm) only slightly increased. In order to reduce HPA in the polymer matrix turnover rate, can use the "sandwich" shaped polymer film coated composite PEMs, salt HPA, modified matrix or by third components respectively in HPA and HPA to load or load matrix is formed between the hydrogen bonding or electrostatic attraction and other means; for HPA load modification, because the ceramic or polymer supported cluster in the matrix, the HPA dispersion in the matrix and the doping amount did not improve. Sometimes using HPA and strong water absorption Co doped phosphate ceramic matrix or a load, to enhance the composite PEMs CP. But the effect is not significant. The HPA doped PEMs structure more than usually by solution casting method, self-assembly method, sol-gel method and infiltration method preparation; different methods are often interrelated, i.e. the preparation process using the coupling may involve two or 3 methods. HPA or its load can significantly improve the dispersion and doping amount of HPA in sulfonated polymer matrix, so as to build a new and efficient proton transport channel form to achieve super high CP (100S/cm order of magnitude) of compound PEMs, which is one of the key directions of PEMs technology in the future.

【作者单位】：湖北工业大学绿色轻工材料湖北省重点实验室;绿色轻质材料与加工湖北工业大学协同创新中心;湖北工业大学材料与化学工程学院;
【基金】：湖北省自然科学基金(2014CFA094) 人社部留学人员科技活动项目择优资助基金(人社厅函[2013]277号) 湖北工业大学博士科研启动基金(BSQD14007)
【分类号】：TB383.2;TM911.4

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