智能配电网分布式供电恢复方法

发布时间：2018-03-27 13:18

本文选题：智能配电网　切入点：供电恢复　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：故障是影响配电网供电可靠性的重要因素之一,故障发生后,为提高配电网供电可靠性,减少用户损失,需尽快恢复非故障停电区域的供电。目前常用的供电恢复方法包括数学优化法、启发式搜索方法、以及各种人工智能算法等。以往配电网供电恢复多采用集中式的方式,由主站借助配电终端设备获取电网的拓扑、电气量、开关量等信息,在主站中执行供电恢复的优化算法,获得供电恢复方案,然后下发开关操作命令至配电终端设备执行。集中式供电恢复方法存在信息搜集困难、计算量大、执行效果有待提升等问题。针对集中式方法在实际应用中存在的问题,本文提出一种完全分布式的供电恢复方法,该方法以分散安装在配电网各测量点处的智能终端为中心,采用对等式的通信方式与其他终端交互信息,以快速恢复非故障停电区域供电为目标。故障发生后,智能配电终端通过与相邻终端交互各类信息,并根据预定的策略控制各终端相互协作,在满足约束条件的情况下快速恢复非故障停电区域供电。本文结合分布式系统的特点和供电恢复的要求,重点对网络拓扑信息的分布式管理、网络拓扑等值简化方法和分布式拓扑搜索方法、目标函数约束条件的简化求解方法进行了研究。描述了以智能配电终端为核心的分布式供电恢复系统的结构和功能,并采用图论中有向图理论对网络拓扑进行简化等值。提出了配电网拓扑、电气量信息的分布式存储和管理方法,各智能终端根据局部有限信息进行分布式拓扑搜索。提出了网络拓扑的往返搜索原则,通过相邻终端间"接力搜索"实现理论最大供电恢复范围的确定和实际可恢复供电范围的确定。提出了与分布式供电恢复网络拓扑搜索过程相适应的约束条件简化求解方法,该方法以电网逐步戴维南等值为基础,搜索过程中实现功率、电压约束验证,不需进行集中式的潮流计算。考虑了分布式电源和微网对负荷供电的支撑作用,提出了利用具备额外容量和孤岛运行能力的分布式电源进行孤岛搜索的方法。本文方法适合配电网点多面广的结构和灵活多变的运行特点,能够自动识别网络拓扑结构,具有良好的快速性和适应性。采用对等式通信方式交互信息,减少了通信压力并提高了通信速度。各智能配电终端均具备独立引导供电恢复的能力,对于故障导致多个非故停电区的情况可并行处理,提高供电恢复速度。文中还对智能终端故障、开关不可操作等可能出现的特殊情况进行了考虑和分析。最后以两个仿真算例对恢复过程进行了详细介绍,同时验证了本文所提方法的有效性和正确性。
[Abstract]:Fault is one of the important factors that affect the reliability of power supply in distribution network. After the failure occurs, in order to improve the reliability of power supply in distribution network and reduce the loss of users, It is necessary to restore power supply in non-fault blackout area as soon as possible. At present, the commonly used power supply restoration methods include mathematical optimization method, heuristic search method, and various artificial intelligence algorithms. With the help of distribution terminal equipment, the master station acquires the information of the topology, electric quantity and switch quantity of the power network, executes the optimization algorithm of power supply recovery in the main station, and obtains the power supply recovery scheme. The centralized power supply recovery method has some problems such as difficulty in collecting information, large amount of calculation, and need to be improved. In view of the problems existing in the practical application of the centralized power supply recovery method, the operation command is issued to the distribution terminal equipment. In this paper, a completely distributed power supply recovery method is proposed. The method centers on the intelligent terminal installed at the measuring points of the distribution network, and uses a peer-to-peer communication method to exchange information with other terminals. After the failure occurs, the intelligent distribution terminal exchanges all kinds of information with the adjacent terminals, and controls the terminals to cooperate with each other according to the predetermined strategy. According to the characteristics of distributed system and the requirement of power supply recovery, this paper focuses on the distributed management of network topology information. The network topology equivalent simplification method, the distributed topology search method and the simplified solution method of the constraint condition of the objective function are studied. The structure and function of the distributed power supply recovery system with intelligent distribution terminal as the core are described. A distributed storage and management method of distribution network topology and electrical information is proposed by using directed graph theory in graph theory to simplify the equivalence of network topology. Each intelligent terminal carries on the distributed topology search according to the local limited information, and puts forward the round-trip search principle of the network topology. By means of "relay search" between adjacent terminals, the theoretical maximum range of power supply recovery and the range of practical recoverable power supply are determined. A simplified solution of constraint conditions suitable to the topology search process of distributed power supply recovery network is proposed. The method is based on the step by step Davinan equivalence of the power grid, and realizes the verification of power and voltage constraints during the search process, without the need for centralized power flow calculation. The supporting effect of distributed power generation and microgrid on load supply is considered. A method of island searching based on distributed power supply with extra capacity and island operation capability is proposed. This method is suitable for the wide point structure and flexible operation of distribution network, and can identify the network topology automatically. It has good rapidity and adaptability. It uses peer-to-peer communication mode to exchange information, reduces the communication pressure and improves the communication speed. Each intelligent distribution terminal has the ability to independently guide the power supply recovery. It can be processed in parallel to improve the recovery speed of power supply in the case of multiple uncaused power outages caused by faults. The failure of intelligent terminals is also discussed in this paper. Finally, two simulation examples are given to introduce the recovery process in detail, and the validity and correctness of the proposed method are verified.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM732

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