220kV电容型高压验电器启动电压特性研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 23:00

本文选题：验电器 + 启动电压　；参考：《武汉大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：高压交流验电器是检测电力设备是否带电的专用电力安全工器具,其可靠性将直接影响检修作业人员对设备状态的判断,对于保障电网设备、人身安全、规范电力行业安全操作规程具有重要意义。验电器在分裂导线、均压环、连接线夹、防震锤等部位验电时存在验电盲区,同一电压等级中多分裂导线的验电盲区更广,采用电容型验电器难以准确反映实际现场情况。另一方面,验电器在验电过程中存在待测设备不带电却因周围设备的同向干扰误报警情况。针对上述缺陷,本文开展了基于验电器内部结构和外部电场环境的验电器启动电压影响因素研究,以期探索合理的验电器启动电压阈值,总结验电改进措施。首先,本文研究了验电器内部的模块组成与功能原理,基于电子电路仿真软件Multisim仿真分析了验电器启动与否内部数字电路的动作情况,确定了验电器启动所需的最小内部信号电压和最小启动电流,为判断多影响因素下验电器的启动情况提供理论依据。其次,本文从电场角度分析了验电器PCB板上的内部信号感应电压与测量位置、导线分裂数、验电器切入角、塔型、金具等因素的关系,利用有限元仿真软件ANSYS对220kV多分裂线路进行1:1三维仿真建模,分析了杆塔及分裂导线周围的电场分布特点,研究了验电器对线路周围空间电场分布的畸变作用,量化比较了测量位置、导线分裂数、切入角等因素对验电器启动电压的影响程度,确定了接触电极增设延长段的长度范围。此外,本文基于电磁暂态仿真软件ATP-EMTP对常规220kV同塔双回线路和500kV/220kV同塔四回混压并架线路模型进行仿真分析,研究了同塔多回线路随线路长度和输送功率变化在停运线路产生的感应电压特性,提出了合理的启动电压范围,以防止因感应电压或干扰电场造成验电器误报警。最后,在原有高压验电器的基础上研究了提高验电灵敏性的改进方案,提出了延长接触电极(Y型)、调整内部工作电路等改进措施,在中国电科院高压所开展了改进验电器的应用试验,验证了改进方案的可行性,并针对验电盲区问题以及验电器使用过程中存在的问题提出了验电器使用规范建议。
[Abstract]:High voltage alternating current electrical apparatus is a special electric power safety device that detects whether power equipment is electrified or not. Its reliability will directly affect the inspection and repair workers' judgment of equipment status, and ensure the safety of power network equipment and personal safety.It is of great significance to standardize the safety operation rules of electric power industry.There is a blind area of electric test in the parts of split conductor, voltage equal ring, connecting wire clamp, shock proof hammer, etc. In the same voltage grade, the electric blind area of multi-split conductor is wider, so it is difficult to accurately reflect the actual situation by using capacitive type electrical apparatus.On the other hand, in the process of electrical test, there are false alarms due to the codirectional interference of the equipment to be tested without being charged.In view of the above defects, this paper studies the factors affecting the starting voltage of electrical apparatus based on the internal structure and external electric field environment, in order to explore a reasonable threshold of starting voltage and summarize the improvement measures.First of all, this paper studies the module composition and function principle of the electrical apparatus, based on the electronic circuit simulation software Multisim, the paper analyzes the operation of the internal digital circuit whether the electronic circuit is started or not.The minimum internal signal voltage and the minimum starting current are determined, which provides a theoretical basis for judging the starting condition of the detector under the condition of multiple influence factors.Secondly, from the angle of electric field, this paper analyzes the relationship between internal signal inductive voltage and measuring position, wire splitting number, electrical cut-in angle, tower type, hardware and so on.Using the finite element simulation software ANSYS, the 1:1 3D simulation model of 220kV multi-splitting line is built, and the characteristics of electric field distribution around the pole tower and split-wire are analyzed, and the distortion of the electric field distribution around the line is studied.The influence of measuring position, wire splitting number and tangent angle on the starting voltage of the tester is quantitatively compared, and the length range of the additional extension section of the contact electrode is determined.In addition, based on the electromagnetic transient simulation software ATP-EMTP, this paper simulates and analyzes the conventional 220kV double-circuit line and the 500kV/220kV four-circuit circuit model.In this paper, the inductive voltage characteristics of multi-circuit lines with the line length and transmission power are studied, and a reasonable starting voltage range is put forward to prevent the false alarm caused by inductive voltage or interference electric field.Finally, on the basis of the original high voltage electrical apparatus, the improvement scheme of improving the sensitivity of electric inspection is studied, and the improvement measures such as prolonging the contact electrode, adjusting the internal working circuit, etc., are put forward.The application test of improved electrical apparatus was carried out in the Institute of High Voltage of Chinese Academy of Electrical Science, which verified the feasibility of the improved scheme, and put forward some suggestions on the standard for the use of electrical apparatus in view of the problems in the blind area of electric inspection and the problems existing in the process of using the electrical apparatus.
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM933.23

【参考文献】