电力普遍服务正外部性的福利漏损及补偿机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 23:21

本文选题：电力普遍服务 + 社会价值　；参考：《华北电力大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：电力普遍服务是政府为了推进社会公平而实施的一项公共政策。近年来国家提出“善治”的施政理念,同时提出了电力市场化改革与配电网改造行动计划等规划政策,不仅将“电力普遍服务”作为电力企业的基本义务,还对相应的补偿机制设计提出了新的要求。本文首先立足于“善治”理念,从公共价值视角分析指出普遍服务外部性纠正与补偿机制设计是建立在社会价值测量的基础上的。通过梳理公共价值建构中社会价值测量的核心内涵,本文将公共价值视角下社会价值测量的关键点应用到电力普遍服务领域,构建了包含受助对象福利价值、纳税人环境价值和电力企业经济价值的电力普遍服务社会价值测量框架;并采用满意度评价等测算方法构建了包含利益相关者偏好意愿的电力普遍服务社会价值测量模型。其次,沿用庇谷外部性的理论,对电力普遍服务的内涵进行了研究,并从电力普遍服务社会价值测量模型中进一步推演得到电力普遍服务的正外部性测量模型即社会价值与电力企业经济价值之差。关于外部性存在的经济分析表明福利漏损的产生来源于实际供给与最优供给的偏离,电力普遍服务正外部性带来的福利漏损为由于正外部性的存在带来的社会价值损失,基于此构建了电力福利漏损测量模型。最后,本文通过对补偿机制的目标、原则、对象、资金来源于补偿方案的分析,提出了“十三五”期间富民县补偿机制设计方案,即资金来源通过受助对象、电力企业与政府合理分摊,资金通过县公司自筹与政府优惠贷款的形式以贷款期间政府贴息发放,通过价格进行补贴。论文以云南省富民县为例进行实证分析,结果表明电力普遍服务实践中存在正外部性及福利漏损,这一现象必须通过政府补偿机制来解决。2006年以前我国农村电力普及率低,电力普遍服务的主要任务在于解决无电人口,这一时期的补偿以直接投入为主;随着电力普遍服务水平的提高,无电人口用电问题得到基本解决,电力普遍服务进入电能质量提升的阶段,这一阶段补偿机制以政策性贷款与政府贴息为主;未来随着电力市场化改革与电力普遍服务的不断发展,电力普遍服务将出现新的内涵,届时需要政府与电力企业共同提出新的电力普遍服务解决方案与之适应。
[Abstract]:Power universal service is a public policy implemented by the government in order to promote social equity.In recent years, the government has put forward the idea of "good governance", and put forward some planning policies, such as the market-oriented reform of electric power and the plan of action for the transformation of distribution network, which not only regards "universal service of electric power" as the basic obligation of electric power enterprises.It also puts forward new requirements for the corresponding compensation mechanism design.Based on the concept of "good governance", this paper points out that the design of universal service externality correction and compensation mechanism is based on the measurement of social value.By combing the core connotation of social value measurement in the construction of public value, this paper applies the key points of social value measurement in the perspective of public value to the field of electric power universal service, and constructs the welfare value of the recipient.The measurement framework of power universal service social value of taxpayers' environmental value and electric power enterprise's economic value, and the model of power universal service social value measurement including stakeholders' preference is constructed by using the method of satisfaction evaluation.Secondly, the connotation of universal power service is studied by using the theory of externality of sheltered valley.The difference between social value and economic value of electric power enterprises is derived from the positive externality measurement model of power universal service from the social value measurement model of electric power universal service.The economic analysis on the existence of externality shows that the welfare leakage comes from the deviation between the actual supply and the optimal supply. The welfare leakage caused by the positive externality of electric power universal service is the loss of social value brought by the existence of positive externality.Based on this, a model of power welfare leakage measurement is constructed.Finally, through the analysis of the goal, principle, object and fund source of compensation mechanism, this paper puts forward the design scheme of compensation mechanism in Fumin County during the 13th Five-Year Plan period, that is, the source of funds through the recipients,The electric power enterprise and the government apportion reasonably, the fund through the county company self-financing and the government preferential loan form by the government discount interest during the loan period, carries on the subsidy through the price.Taking Fumin County of Yunnan Province as an example, the result shows that there are positive externalities and welfare leakage in the practice of power universal service, which must be solved by the government compensation mechanism.The main task of the universal power service is to solve the problem of the population without electricity, and the compensation in this period is based on direct input. With the improvement of the general service level of electricity, the problem of electricity consumption of the population without electricity is basically solved.Power universal service has entered the stage of power quality improvement. In this stage, the compensation mechanism is mainly based on policy loans and government discount interest. In the future, with the reform of electricity market and the continuous development of power universal service,There will be a new connotation of power universal service, and it will be necessary for the government and the power enterprise to put forward a new power universal service solution to adapt to it.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.61

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