电动汽车充电对电网影响的解耦分析及智能充电策略研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 23:16

本文选题：电动汽车 + 充电负荷　；参考：《华北电力大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着环境污染与能源紧缺的日益加重,以清洁的电能为动力能源的电动汽车必将得到迅速发展,规模化电动汽车充电对电网的影响以及如何对其进行有序控制已经成为国内外关注的热点,因此,本文围绕电动汽车充电对电网的影响以及智能充电控制策略展开了研究,主要研究内容如下:(1)分析了影响电动汽车充电负荷的主要因素,以美国交通部统计数据为基础研究了电动汽车行驶规律分析模型,改进了基于统计模型与蒙特卡洛法的无序充电负荷计算方法,并给出了计算流程,为文章后续研究提供了基础。(2)提出了一种独立研究充电负荷和背景负荷,再根据渗透率建立电动汽车数量与电网的对应关系,从而综合分析电动汽车充电对电网影响的解耦分析方法。研究了不同电动汽车规模和充电功率下EV充电负荷特性,包括平均值特性、偏移特性、波动特性以及区域不平衡特性,得到了充电负荷特性随车辆规模和充电功率变化的基本规律,再在较大渗透率的场景下,分析了规模化EV充电对我国城市各级电网影响的基本规律,确定了主要问题发生的可能性。(3)提出了一种基于峰谷分时电价的动态排序充电控制策略,确定了该策略的优化目标与约束条件,提出了动态排序的智能充电控制算法,分为外层排序与内层排序,将有充电需求的电动汽车“择优”接入并实时更新,以实现电动汽车的有序充电,减小充电负荷对电网带来的不利影响。(4)以380V居民住宅小区配电网模型为基础,对基于峰谷分时电价的动态排序的智能充电控制策略进行了仿真验证,分别研究了采用智能充电控制策略之后电动汽车充电对配电网负荷曲线、变压器负载率、节点电压偏移以及网络损耗的影响,并与电动汽车无序充电进行对比,仿真结果表明,动态排序的智能充电控制策略起到了削峰填谷、平抑负荷曲线、降低网络损耗的作用,减小了充电负荷对配电网的影响,提高了电网运行的经济性。
[Abstract]:With the worsening of environmental pollution and energy shortage, electric vehicles with clean electric energy as the power source will be developed rapidly.The influence of large-scale electric vehicle charging on power grid and how to control it orderly has become a hot spot at home and abroad. Therefore, this paper focuses on the influence of electric vehicle charging on power grid and intelligent charging control strategy.The main research contents are as follows: (1) the main factors affecting the charging load of electric vehicles are analyzed. Based on the statistics of the United States Department of Transportation, the driving law analysis model of electric vehicles is studied.This paper improves the calculation method of disordered charging load based on statistical model and Monte Carlo method, and gives the calculation flow, which provides the basis for further research. (2) an independent study of charging load and background load is proposed.Then the corresponding relationship between the number of electric vehicles and the power grid is established according to the permeability, and the decoupling analysis method for the influence of electric vehicle charging on the power grid is analyzed synthetically.The characteristics of EV charging load under different electric vehicle size and charging power are studied, including average value characteristic, offset characteristic, fluctuation characteristic and regional imbalance characteristic.The basic law of charge load characteristics varying with vehicle size and charging power is obtained. Under the scenario of large permeability, the basic law of the influence of large-scale EV charging on all levels of urban power grid in China is analyzed.In this paper, the possibility of the main problems is determined. (3) A dynamic charging control strategy based on peak-valley time-sharing price is proposed. The optimization objectives and constraints of the strategy are determined, and an intelligent charging control algorithm for dynamic scheduling is proposed.Divided into outer sorting and inner sorting, the electric vehicle with charging demand will be connected and updated in real time in order to realize the orderly charging of electric vehicle.Based on the distribution network model of 380V residential district, the intelligent charging control strategy based on dynamic sequencing of peak and valley time-sharing price is simulated and verified.The effects of electric vehicle charging on distribution network load curve, transformer load ratio, node voltage offset and network loss after intelligent charging control strategy are studied, and compared with the disordered charging of electric vehicle, the simulation results show that.The intelligent charging control strategy of dynamic sequencing can cut the peak and fill the valley, stabilize the load curve, reduce the network loss, reduce the influence of charge load on the distribution network, and improve the economy of the network operation.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM73

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