三相异步电机的参数自整定及死区补偿控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-04-18 10:52

本文选题：参数辨识 + V/F控制　；参考：《华南理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国现代化进程的不断发展,对异步电机调速系统的性能指标要求越来越高。如何进一步提高异步电机无速度传感器调速系统的低速性能是亟待解决的关键技术之一。在异步电机无速度传感器控制算法中,应用较为广泛的主要有开环V/F控制算法和无速度传感器矢量控制算法两种。其中,V/F算法由于其算法结构简单、实现方便,具有可靠性高及鲁棒性好的特点,但同时也具有低速性能差的缺点。为了提高其低速性能,需要对异步电机的V/F控制算法进行进一步分析与研究。本文从异步电机的T型等效电路出发,对三相异步电机的V/F算法进行了具体的分析讨论,提出了定子电压定向的方法,对定子电阻压降、转差频率以及PWM死区对电机运转的效应这三个方面进行分析,并提出相应的补偿方法。根据三相异步电机静止时的T型等效电路,提出了恒压频比控制系统下的电机参数辨识方法,设计了直流试验对定子电阻进行辨识;设计了单相交流试验对转子电阻、定子漏感以及互感进行辨识。由于在辨识过程中采用单相交流试验,以上四个参数的辨识均在离线状态中完成。针对离线辨识中由于PWM死区造成的对辨识结果的影响,对离线辨识算法进行误差分析,并通过对电压的解耦实现对PWM死区误差的补偿。对驱动系统的硬件及软件进行设计,其中包括电流采样电路、温度采样电路、三相逆变电路以及显示与按键电路等,并通过Simulink仿真及实验的方法对电机参数辨识方法以及运行的补偿方法进行验证。
[Abstract]:With the development of modernization in our country, the performance requirements of asynchronous motor speed regulation system are more and more high.How to further improve the low speed performance of speed sensorless speed control system of asynchronous motor is one of the key technologies to be solved.In the speed sensorless control algorithm of asynchronous motor, there are two kinds of open loop V / F control algorithm and speed sensorless vector control algorithm.Because of its simple structure, convenient implementation, high reliability and good robustness, the V / F algorithm also has the shortcoming of poor performance at low speed.In order to improve its low speed performance, it is necessary to further analyze and study the V / F control algorithm of asynchronous motor.Based on the T-type equivalent circuit of induction motor, the V / F algorithm of three-phase induction motor is analyzed and discussed in this paper. The method of stator voltage orientation is put forward, and the voltage drop of stator resistance is given.The slip frequency and the effect of PWM dead time on motor operation are analyzed and the corresponding compensation method is put forward.According to the T type equivalent circuit of three-phase asynchronous motor at rest, the identification method of motor parameters under the constant voltage frequency ratio control system is proposed, the stator resistance is identified by DC test, and the rotor resistance by single-phase AC test is designed.Stator leakage inductance and mutual inductance are identified.Because the single phase AC test is used in the identification process, the above four parameters are identified in off-line state.Aiming at the effect of PWM dead-time on the result of off-line identification, this paper analyzes the error of off-line identification algorithm, and compensates the dead-time error of PWM by decoupling the voltage.The hardware and software of the drive system are designed, including current sampling circuit, temperature sampling circuit, three-phase inverter circuit, display and key circuit, etc.The method of motor parameter identification and running compensation are verified by Simulink simulation and experiment.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM343;TP273

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