调控运行人员培训模拟系统中继电保护仿真的研究与开发

发布时间：2018-04-22 00:09

本文选题：调控一体化 + 继电保护仿真　；参考：《中国电力科学研究院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着国家电网公司“三集五大”体系建设的推进,调控分离、分散监控的变电站运行管理模式已不能满足电网“大运行”体系的要求,需要深入研究支撑调控一体化运行的调度技术支持系统规范、平台支撑关键技术和应用关键技术。因此,需要建立一套高效、全面、系统的专业化调控运行人员培训模拟系统,支撑“大运行”体系建设。调控运行人员培训模拟系统关键是要建立调控范围内所有厂站二次设备详细模型,实现基于二次系统运行机理的全景全维度仿真,保证在事故情况下调控系统信息的完整性和真实性。继电保护装置是二次系统中的重要设备,继电保护仿真用于培训调控运行人员异常事故处理的能力,对于保证电网安全稳定的运行有着非常重要的意义。本文简要介绍了国内外继电保护数字仿真技术研究现状,总结了目前存在的问题,三种继电保护仿真方法优缺点明显,都无法完全满足大电网的运行要求。本文对传统的三种继电保护仿真方法进行了比较总结:逻辑判别法无需经过故障计算可由拓扑分析和保护运行规则来给出保护装置的动作信息,虽然速度快,但对于多电源的复杂网络,逻辑关系过于复杂,以致于无法实现;定值判断仿真需根据电网故障计算各电气量值的变化来驱动继电保护动作,虽然结果准确,但过于依赖电网运行结果,保护参数的维护工作量很大;案例法是先离线算好保护的动作结果,然后再逐一执行,灵活性差。本文从方向和距离保护的继电保护原理出发,提出了一种新的继电保护仿真方法——方向距离法。方向距离法结合逻辑判断法与定值比较法的优点,在逻辑法拓扑分析的基础上,引入了短路功率方向,弥补了单一逻辑法缺乏必要故障计算信息就无法判断方向保护动作的问题。相对于定值比较法来说,用故障等值距离来取代阻抗的值,简化了保护定值的计算;既能实现复杂电网的几乎所有故障,又不用去维护大量的电气参数和保护定值。方向距离法集合了逻辑判断法和定值比较法的优点,特别适合用于电力仿真培训系统的应用。本文详细阐述了方向距离法的原理依据、应用范围和仿真步骤,并介绍了如何利用方向距离法实现对线路、变压器、机组和母线保护装置的仿真。最后,以实际工程用500kV德胜站永德I线线路近区永久A相接地短路故障的处理,验证本文成果的正确性和实用性。
[Abstract]:With the development of the "three sets and five" system construction in State Grid Company, the substation operation management mode, which is separated by regulation and decentralized monitoring, can no longer meet the requirements of the "large operation" system of the power grid. It is necessary to deeply study the specification of scheduling technology supporting system, the key technology of platform support and the key technology of application. Therefore, it is necessary to establish a set of efficient, comprehensive and systematic training simulation system for professional regulation and control operators to support the construction of "large operation" system. The key of the training simulation system is to establish the detailed model of secondary equipment in all the plants and stations in the scope of regulation and control, and realize the panoramic full-dimension simulation based on the operation mechanism of the secondary system. Ensure the integrity and authenticity of system information in case of accident. Relay protection device is an important equipment in secondary system. Relay protection simulation is very important to ensure the safe and stable operation of power network. This paper briefly introduces the research status of digital simulation technology of relay protection at home and abroad, and summarizes the existing problems. The advantages and disadvantages of the three simulation methods of relay protection are obvious, and none of them can fully meet the operational requirements of large power grid. In this paper, three traditional simulation methods of relay protection are compared and summarized: the logic discriminant method can give the action information of the protective device by topology analysis and protection operation rule without fault calculation, although the speed is high, However, for the complex network with multiple power sources, the logic relationship is too complicated to be realized. The simulation of fixed value judgment needs to drive the relay protection operation according to the variation of the electrical values calculated by the fault of the power network, although the results are accurate. But it is too dependent on the operation result of the power network, the maintenance work of the protection parameter is very large, and the case law is to calculate the action result of the protection first, then execute it one by one, so the flexibility is not good. Based on the principle of relay protection for directional and distance protection, a new simulation method of relay protection, directional distance method, is proposed in this paper. The directional distance method combines the advantages of the logic judgment method and the fixed value comparison method. Based on the topological analysis of the logic method, the short circuit power direction is introduced. It makes up for the problem that the single logic method can not judge the direction protection operation without necessary fault calculation information. Compared with the constant value comparison method, the fault equivalent distance is used to replace the impedance value, which simplifies the calculation of the protection setting value. It can not only realize almost all the faults of the complex power network, but also do not need to maintain a large number of electrical parameters and protection values. The directional distance method combines the advantages of the logic judgment method and the fixed value comparison method, and is especially suitable for the application of electric power simulation training system. In this paper, the principle basis, application range and simulation steps of directional distance method are described in detail, and how to use directional distance method to simulate line, transformer, unit and busbar protection device is introduced. Finally, the correctness and practicability of this paper are verified by the treatment of permanent A ground short-circuit fault in the near area of Yongde I line of 500kV Desheng Station in actual engineering.
【学位授予单位】：中国电力科学研究院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM77

【参考文献】