电网友好型电动汽车管控关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 00:15

本文选题：电动汽车退役电池 + 储能　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：为应对能源和环境危机、推进清洁替代和电能替代,电动汽车作为新型电能利用技术的代表正快速发展。在可再生能源大规模接入背景下,具有随机性和冲击性的电动汽车负荷给电网的运行和控制带来巨大压力,电网对于储能的需求将越来越大。同时大量动力电池的退役处理也是亟需解决的问题。在上述背景下,本文以构建基于退役动力电池的储能系统并利用其支撑电网对电动汽车负荷的接纳为思路,进行了相关课题的研究,以期在有效利用退役电池的同时高效接纳电动汽车负荷,实现二者以友好的方式接入电网。首先进行了电动汽车负荷的建模和特性分析。提出了考虑电池特性、充电装置特性、用户行为特性和电价影响的电动汽车负荷建模方法,并参考实际车型数据分析了电动汽车负荷特性。所提负荷建模方法,包括考虑负荷时变和电压静特性的单体负荷数值建模方法和考虑随机性的群体负荷建模方法。其次研究了可重构的退役电池储能系统构建过程中的相关问题。为掌握退役电池储能系统的老化过程特性,提出了成组电池老化和不一致性联合演化仿真模型,并给出了基于该模型指导退役电池分类筛选的方法。针对退役电池一致性、可靠性较差的特点,基于动态可重构理论和拓扑,设计了考虑老化均衡的电池动态成组和充放电控制方法,仿真表明所提方法可有效降低老化过程中电池单体间的不一致性,并显著提高电池组可用容量。最后研究了退役电池储能在电动汽车负荷和可再生能源接纳中的应用。通过分析退役电池储能系统在老化过程中可用功率和能量的变化机理,提出了不同老化状态和储能需求条件下,储能系统参与电动汽车负荷或可再生能源出力管控的运行控制机制。基于所提运行控制机制和管控性能指标,分析了退役电池储能系统在老化过程中管控性能的变化,本文仿真情境中其可在实现既定功能条件下运行5年以上。基于实际案例分析了退役电池储能在缓解分布式光伏和电动汽车接入受限问题上的应用,结果表明其有利于二者的就地消纳且可提高配变负载率。
[Abstract]:In order to deal with the crisis of energy and environment and to promote clean substitution and electric substitution, electric vehicles (EV) are developing rapidly as the representatives of new power utilization technology. In the context of large-scale access to renewable energy, the load of electric vehicles with randomness and impact will bring great pressure to the operation and control of the power grid, and the demand for energy storage will be increasing. At the same time, the decommissioning of a large number of power batteries is also an urgent problem. Based on the above background, this paper takes the idea of constructing the energy storage system based on decommissioned power battery and using it to support the electric vehicle load acceptance as the train of thought, carries on the related research. The purpose of this paper is to use decommissioned batteries effectively and to accept the load of electric vehicles efficiently, and to connect them to the power grid in a friendly way. Firstly, the load modeling and characteristic analysis of electric vehicle are carried out. This paper presents a load modeling method for electric vehicles considering the effects of battery characteristics, charging device characteristics, user behavior characteristics and electricity price, and analyzes the load characteristics of electric vehicles with reference to the actual vehicle model data. The proposed load modeling method includes single load numerical modeling method considering load time-varying and voltage static characteristics and group load modeling method considering randomness. Secondly, the related problems in the construction of reconfigurable decommissioned battery energy storage system are studied. In order to understand the characteristics of aging process of decommissioned battery energy storage system, a combined evolution simulation model of group battery aging and inconsistency was proposed, and the method of classifying and screening decommissioned battery based on the model was given. Based on dynamic reconfigurable theory and topology, a battery dynamic grouping and charge / discharge control method considering aging equalization is designed in view of the characteristics of uniform and poor reliability of decommissioned batteries. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively reduce the inconsistency between the cells during aging and increase the available capacity of the battery significantly. Finally, the application of decommissioned battery energy storage in electric vehicle load and renewable energy acceptance is studied. By analyzing the change mechanism of available power and energy in decommissioned battery energy storage system during aging, the paper puts forward the conditions of different aging states and energy storage requirements. Energy storage system is involved in the operation control mechanism of electric vehicle load or renewable energy output control. Based on the proposed operation control mechanism and control performance index, this paper analyzes the change of control performance of decommissioned battery energy storage system during the aging process. In this simulation situation, it can run for more than 5 years under the condition of realizing the given function. The application of decommissioned battery energy storage in solving the problem of limited access to distributed photovoltaic and electric vehicles is analyzed based on a practical case. The results show that it is beneficial to the in-situ absorption of both and can improve the load distribution rate.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM714;TM912;TM73

【参考文献】