抽水蓄能电站选址及与风电联合运行优化研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 03:02

本文选题：风电 + 抽水蓄能电站　；参考：《兰州理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随着经济的快速发展,人们对能源的需求也越来越高,但是化石能源毕竟是有限的,而且这些例如煤炭等化石能源的燃烧对环境的破坏也是不可逆的,因此,清洁可再生能源的发展开始备受人们的关注。风能是一种天然取之不尽用之不竭的可再生能源,因为其绿色环保无污染,受到了人们的广泛关注。但是风能不可控,风能的随机性和波动性影响了电网供电的质量和稳定性,成为制约风电产业发展的主要原因。每年全国都有大量风电因无法并网而浪费,其中西北地区尤为严重。西北地区风能资源富庶,占全国风能总量的40%,然而由于在电网末端,距离负荷集中区较远,导致西北地区的风电发展缓慢,并网风电量低,弃风现象严重。因此,有必要采用新的模式和方法将风电储存起来,转换为稳定的、高质量的电能并网。抽水蓄能电站是一种利用负荷低谷时的多余电能将下水库的水抽至上水库,在负荷高峰时放水发电的特殊形式水电站,其最大的优势就是调峰填谷,还有储量大、可调频、调相等优势,所以抽水蓄能电站成为了与风电配合的最优选择之一。风电与抽水蓄能电站联合运行,通过风电转化为水电的过程,使风电并网可控,增加并网风电量,提高电网的供电质量和稳定性,减少弃风等的能源浪费。基于上述研究背景,本文立足西北地区,主要研究的成果如下:首先针对抽水蓄能电站的选址问题,通过对国内已建或在建的抽水蓄能电站站址的调查与比对,从水源、水头、距高比、地理环境等方面进行比较,总结出了抽水蓄能电站的选址依据及影响因素,再结合西北地区特有的自然环境,并以甘肃抽水蓄能电站选点为例,论证选址的依据和影响因素;其次,针对风电-抽水蓄能电站优化的问题,在介绍了风力发电的原理、风电并网问题以及风蓄互补和遗传算法理论知识的基础上,以不同电力并网电价分为峰、平、谷三个时段,应用Matlab遗传算法工具箱进行优化计算,研究结果表明:当风电没有配置抽水蓄能电站时的一天效益为2376.772万元,配置了抽水蓄能电站后的效益增加到2409.1万元,增加了32.328万元。风电场配置抽水蓄能电站,可有效的增加并网电量,减少弃风,平滑风电出力,提高了整体的经济效益。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the demand for energy is increasing, but fossil energy is limited, and the combustion of fossil energy such as coal is irreversible. The development of clean and renewable energy has attracted people's attention. Wind energy is an inexhaustible renewable energy, because of its green environment and no pollution, people pay more attention to it. But wind energy is out of control, the randomness and fluctuation of wind energy affect the quality and stability of power supply, and become the main reason of restricting the development of wind power industry. Every year, a large number of wind power is wasted in the country, especially in the northwest. The northwest region is rich in wind energy resources, accounting for 40% of the total wind energy in China. However, because of the distance between the end of the power grid and the load concentration area, the development of wind power in the northwest region is slow, the amount of wind power connected to the grid is low, and the phenomenon of wind abandonment is serious. Therefore, it is necessary to use new modes and methods to store wind power and convert it into stable and high quality electric energy. Pumped-storage power station is a kind of special type hydropower station that uses surplus electric energy from the bottom of the load to drain the water from the lower reservoir. At the peak of the load, the special type of hydropower station can generate electricity with water. Its biggest advantage is peak load regulation and valley filling, as well as its large reserves and frequency modulation. Because of the advantages of phase modulation, Pumped-storage power station has become one of the best choices to cooperate with wind power. Combined operation of wind power and pumped storage power station, through the process of converting wind power into hydropower, the wind power can be controlled, the amount of wind power can be increased, the quality and stability of power supply will be improved, and the waste of energy will be reduced. Based on the above research background, this paper is based on the northwest region, and the main research results are as follows: firstly, in view of the location problem of pumped storage power station, through the investigation and comparison of the site of the existing or under construction pumped storage power station in China, from the source of water, water head, Compared with the distance ratio, geographical environment and so on, the paper summarized the location basis and influencing factors of pumped storage power station, combined with the unique natural environment of northwest region, and took Gansu pumped-storage power station as an example. Secondly, aiming at the optimization of wind-pumped storage power station, the principle of wind power generation, the problem of wind power grid connection, the knowledge of wind storage complementarity and genetic algorithm theory are introduced. According to the three periods of peak, level and valley, the optimal calculation is carried out by using Matlab genetic algorithm toolbox. The results show that the daily benefit is 23.76772 million yuan when wind power is not equipped with pumped storage power station. The benefit of Pumped-storage power station is increased to 24.091 million yuan, 323280 yuan. The configuration of pumped storage power station in wind farm can effectively increase the electricity connected to the grid, reduce the abandoned wind, smooth the wind power, and improve the overall economic benefit.
【学位授予单位】：兰州理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV743;TM614

【参考文献】