定子永磁型少稀土齿轭永磁互补电机的设计与优化

发布时间：2018-04-26 12:36

本文选题：电机设计优化 + 少稀土电机　；参考：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：稀土永磁由于其高高剩磁、高矫顽力、高磁能积等优点已被广泛应用于永磁电机、机械电子、卫生医疗等领域,但是近年来稀土永磁材料面临着各种问题。首先稀土永磁的重要原材料稀土是一种不可再生的资源,随着人们过度地开采以及低效地加工和利用,稀土资源储量已迅速减少。再加上市场对稀土资源的需求巨大,造成了当前稀土价格不断上涨的趋势。另外,由于某些稀土还是制造一些高精设备和尖端武器不可或缺的战略资源,稀土材料的稳定供应也是一个问题。由于永磁电机是稀土永磁材料最大的应用领域,因此如何维持电机较高电磁性能的同时,减小电机稀土永磁用量已成为永磁电机研究的新方向。本文首先介绍了少稀土电机的研究现状,围绕定子永磁型电机的结构特点,提出了一种齿轭永磁互补结构的定子永磁型少稀土电机。该电机通过特殊的永磁体安放位置和独特的充磁方向,使得电机能够在维持较优越的电磁性能的同时减小稀土永磁的用量。接着,结合电机的结构特点介绍了电机的工作原理,并从电机运行原理入手,对电机各数学关系进行重新推导总结,然后得出该类电机的一般设计方法。然后对电机主要参数进行初步设计。为了提高电机优化的效率,本文提出了一种基于参数敏感度和关联度的分层综合多目标优化方法。该优化方法不仅分析了参数对目标的影响大小,还考虑了参数之间的交叉影响,基于参数敏感度和关联度的分析结果将参数分层进行优化,减小优化问题的维数从而提高优化效率。然后,鉴于电机结构的特殊性,提出两种不同的优化策略,并比较了这两种优化策略的优化结果。对其中绕组优化结果的转子进行斜极角度优化,得到最终优化模型。随后为了获得电机更加准确的电磁性能,本文对电机的磁场分布、气隙磁密、磁链、反电势、定位力矩、输出转矩等性能进行深入分析。此外,还以传统双凸极永磁电机为参照对比分析了该电机的永磁体利用率。其后,从理论分析和有限元仿真两个方面同时对电机的抗退磁能力进行了评估校验。最后,基于最终优化模型加工了原理样机,搭建电机测试平台并进行了相关的实验测试。通过比较仿真和实验结果,验证了该电机设计和优化的正确性和有效性。
[Abstract]:Rare earth permanent magnets have been widely used in the fields of permanent magnet motor, mechanical electronics, medical treatment and so on because of their high remanence, high coercivity and high magnetic energy product. But in recent years, rare earth permanent magnetic materials are faced with various problems. First of all, rare earth is an important raw material of rare earth permanent magnet, which is a kind of non-renewable resource. With the over-exploitation and inefficient processing and utilization of rare earth resources, the reserves of rare earth resources have been rapidly reduced. Coupled with the market demand for rare earth resources, resulting in the current trend of rising rare earth prices. In addition, the stable supply of rare earth materials is also a problem, as some rare earths are also an indispensable strategic resource for the manufacture of some sophisticated equipment and sophisticated weapons. As the permanent magnet motor is the largest application field of rare earth permanent magnet materials, how to maintain the high electromagnetic performance of the motor at the same time, reducing the amount of rare earth permanent magnet motor has become a new research direction of permanent magnet motor. In this paper, the current research status of rare earth motor is introduced, and a stator permanent magnet motor with complementary structure of tooth yoke permanent magnet is proposed around the structure of stator permanent magnet motor. The special permanent magnet position and special magnetization direction make the motor maintain superior electromagnetic performance while reducing the amount of rare earth permanent magnet. Then, the working principle of the motor is introduced according to the structural characteristics of the motor, and the mathematical relations of the motor are rededuced and summarized, and the general design method of this kind of motor is obtained. Then the main parameters of the motor are preliminarily designed. In order to improve the efficiency of motor optimization, a multi-objective optimization method based on parameter sensitivity and correlation degree is proposed. The optimization method not only analyzes the influence of parameters on the target, but also considers the cross-influence of parameters. The results based on the sensitivity and correlation degree of the parameters are used to optimize the parameters. The optimization efficiency is improved by reducing the dimension of the optimization problem. Then, in view of the particularity of the motor structure, two different optimization strategies are proposed, and the optimization results of the two optimization strategies are compared. The rotor with windings optimization result is optimized by skew angle, and the final optimization model is obtained. Then, in order to obtain more accurate electromagnetic performance of the motor, the magnetic field distribution, air gap magnetic density, flux chain, reverse EMF, positioning torque and output torque of the motor are deeply analyzed in this paper. In addition, the permanent magnet utilization ratio of the traditional doubly salient permanent magnet motor is compared and analyzed. Then, the anti-demagnetization ability of the motor is evaluated and calibrated from two aspects: theoretical analysis and finite element simulation. Finally, the principle prototype is processed based on the final optimization model, and the motor testing platform is built and the related experimental tests are carried out. The correctness and effectiveness of the design and optimization of the motor are verified by comparing the simulation and experimental results.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM351

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