风电参与调频的自治与协调控制策略研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 19:47

本文选题：风力发电 + 风电渗透率　；参考：《华北电力大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：风力发电凭借其成熟的技术、较低的成本和规模化的开发利用优势成为新能源发展最快、最具有竞争力的发电技术。随着电网中风电渗透率的不断提高,风电机组相对常规机组的角色也由“一定性补充”转变为“部分性替代”,这给系统的安全稳定运行带来诸多影响。由于风电的规模化集群出力相对平滑稳定,风场群统一接受调度中心的实时控制有了一定基础,但风电机组通常处于最大发电运行模式,对电力系统的频率缺乏支撑作用。当系统中负荷波动较大,AGC机组调节容量不足,频率指标恶化时,如何使风场群释放快速调节容量以增补匮乏的AGC机组调节容量,维持系统频率稳定已成为大规模风电并网后亟需解决的问题。为保证系统中有充足的调峰调频容量,本文主要是对风电场群在特定情况下相互间的自治功率分配以及协调常规机组参与系统频率调节的策略研究。首先,根据某实际风电场的运行数据及输出功率曲线,对风电场功率输出特性进行分析。通过风力发电机调节特性以及系统频率一、二次调节的原理,分析了风电并网后对系统频率调节的影响。然后,介绍了一些高风电渗透率国家为应对风电机组对频率变化的无能为力所发布的一系列电网导则和规定。其次,通过本文制定的相关指标,定性对比分析了单一风场与风场组的出力特性,并利用风电的超短期功率预测信息,由风功率预测变化趋势,将风场组划分为三类,明确各类风场组的控制原则,给出功率的具体分配方法。利用某风电基地的超短期功率预测信息,验证其有效性,为后续集群风场组参与系统的频率调控策略奠定了基础。最后,在分析非AGC机组、AGC机组、风场群有功功率调节间的协调关系基础上提出了使风场群在特定情况下释放部分调节容量以增补匮乏的AGC机组调节容量参与系统频率调节的调控策略,并给出了非AGC机组、风场群及AGC机组间进行调节的协调条件,建立了三类机组集合的协调调度模型。算例分析结果说明了本文所提协调控制策略及建立的数学模型的合理性与适用性。
[Abstract]:Wind power has become the fastest and most competitive power generation technology by virtue of its mature technology, low cost and advantage of large-scale development and utilization. With the continuous improvement of wind power permeability in power grid, the role of wind turbine relative to conventional units has changed from "certain supplement" to "partial substitution", which has brought a lot of influence to the safe and stable operation of the system. Due to the relatively smooth and stable wind power output of the large-scale wind power cluster, the wind field group is unified to accept the real-time control of the dispatching center. However, the wind turbine unit is usually in the maximum generation operation mode, which is lack of support to the frequency of the power system. When the load fluctuation in the system is very large and the regulating capacity of AGCs is insufficient and the frequency index is deteriorating, how to make the wind field group release the fast regulating capacity to supplement the regulating capacity of the deficient AGC units. Maintaining system frequency stability has become an urgent problem after large-scale wind power grid. In order to ensure sufficient peak-shaving and frequency modulation capacity in the system, this paper mainly focuses on the autonomous power allocation among wind farm groups under certain circumstances and the strategy of coordinating conventional units to participate in the frequency regulation of the system. Firstly, according to the operation data and output power curve of a practical wind farm, the power output characteristics of wind farm are analyzed. Based on the regulation characteristics of wind turbine and the principle of the first and second frequency regulation of the system, the influence of wind power grid connection on the frequency regulation of the system is analyzed. Then, a series of grid guidelines and regulations issued by some countries with high wind power permeability to deal with the powerlessness of wind turbine against frequency change are introduced. Secondly, the characteristics of wind field and wind field are analyzed qualitatively and qualitatively by using the relative indexes of this paper. The wind field is divided into three categories according to the wind power forecast trend by using the ultra-short-term power prediction information of wind power. The control principle of all kinds of wind field groups is defined, and the specific power distribution method is given. The ultrashort power prediction information of a wind power base is used to verify its effectiveness, which lays a foundation for the subsequent cluster wind field groups to participate in the frequency control strategy of the system. Finally, in the analysis of non- units, On the basis of the coordination relationship between the active power regulation of wind field group, this paper puts forward the control strategy that the wind field group releases part of the regulating capacity to supplement the deficient AGC unit's regulating capacity to participate in the frequency regulation of the system, and gives the non-AGC unit. The coordination conditions between the wind field group and the AGC unit are adjusted, and the coordination scheduling model of the three sets of units is established. An example is given to illustrate the rationality and applicability of the proposed coordinated control strategy and the mathematical model established in this paper.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM614;TM73

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