大用户直购电对电网利润分布的影响

发布时间：2018-04-29 05:25

本文选题：大用户直购电 + 功率分量理论　；参考：《华北电力大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：从上一轮电力体制改革至今,大用户直购电是电力市场化交易最重要的尝试。大用户直购电有利于提升电网服务质量,提高经营效率;有利于形成合理的电价机制和风险共担机制;有利于发展和完善电力市场竞争机制。一方面,虽然直购电涉及对现有利益格局的调整,但由于目前直购电的理论研究尚不成熟,尚无细致、全面的分析。另一方面,随着改革的推进,发电公司、电网公司和电力用户的责任及利益更加明晰,各市场主体希望能明确直购电对电网利润分布的影响。然而,目前电网公司的经济核算办法只能体现整体盈亏状况。如果能精确定量分析直购电前后电网各部分的利润变化,则能为精准的经济调度和调控以及相关政策的制定提供有力依据。本文提出电网利润分布命题,并给出了一种电网利润分布的求解方法。首先,提出一种适用于多电源多负荷环网的双向追踪方法,该方法基于功率分量理论和支路等效变换,能给出电源供电链路和负荷汲取电能链路,此为利润计算的物理基础;其次,将此双向追踪结果与经济核算相匹配,依据费用守恒原则建立节点、支路的经济模型和电网经济分布模型;最后,通过“利润分布曲面图”和“利润率分布等高线”图形化描述全网利润情况。该方法实现了能量与经济的匹配统一,能精准反映电网局部利益关系,能直观、细致、形象地刻画电网利润分布特征。运用该方法对比研究直购电前后IEEE 39节点系统各处的利润分布情况,定量分析市场各方利益变化;指出直购电会影响所有市场主体的利润状况,而当前直购电政策采取的“双轨制”是一种“强制性”利益分配方式,一定程度有失公平。因而,有必要研究制定更为合理的直购电政策,从而尽可能平衡好各方利益。
[Abstract]:Since the last round of electric power system reform, direct purchase of electricity by large customers is the most important attempt of electricity market transaction. Direct purchase of electricity by large users is conducive to improving the service quality of the power grid and improving the operating efficiency; it is conducive to the formation of a reasonable electricity price mechanism and risk-sharing mechanism; it is conducive to the development and improvement of the competitive mechanism of the electricity market. On the one hand, although direct purchase of electricity involves the adjustment of the existing interest pattern, but the theoretical study of direct purchase of electricity is still immature, there is no detailed and comprehensive analysis. On the other hand, with the promotion of the reform, the responsibilities and interests of power generation companies, grid companies and power users become clearer, and the market participants hope to clarify the impact of direct purchase of electricity on the distribution of power grid profits. However, the current economic accounting methods of grid companies can only reflect the overall profit and loss situation. If the profit changes of each part of the power network before and after direct purchase can be quantitatively analyzed accurately, it can provide a powerful basis for accurate economic dispatch and regulation, as well as the formulation of relevant policies. In this paper, the proposition of power network profit distribution is put forward, and a method to solve it is given. Firstly, a bidirectional tracing method is proposed for multi-power and multi-load loop networks. Based on power component theory and branch equivalent transformation, the power supply link and load-absorbing power link can be given, which is the physical basis of profit calculation. Secondly, the two-way tracking results are matched with economic accounting, and the economic model of node, branch and economic distribution model of power grid are established according to the principle of cost conservation. The profit situation of the whole network is described graphically by "profit distribution surface graph" and "profit rate distribution contour line". This method realizes the unity of energy and economy, can accurately reflect the local interests of power grid, and can visualize, meticulously and vividly describe the distribution characteristics of power grid profit. This method is used to compare and study the profit distribution of IEEE 39 node system before and after direct purchase of electricity, to quantitatively analyze the change of interests of all parties in the market, and to point out that direct purchase of electricity will affect the profit situation of all market entities. At present, the "double track system" adopted by the direct purchase policy is a kind of "compulsory" distribution of benefits, which is unfair to some extent. Therefore, it is necessary to make a more reasonable direct purchase policy, so as to balance the interests of all parties as far as possible.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F426.61

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