永磁同步电机电流自适应滤波控制研究

发布时间：2018-05-04 05:10

本文选题：永磁同步电机 + 矢量控制　；参考：《冶金自动化研究设计院》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着计算机技术、现代控制理论以及微电子技术的发展,永磁同步电机的全数字矢量控制系统得到了快速的发展,在工农业生产、国防军工和航空航天等领域得到了广泛应用。但由于矢量控制采用的脉宽调制方法、功率器件开关特性的非理想性以及永磁同步电机自身结构的影响等原因,使得永磁同步电机的输出电流中有高次谐波存在,导致输出转矩脉动,影响系统的低速性能,降低系统的控制精度。针对上述问题,论文对永磁同步电机定子电流谐波的软件处理方法展开研究,以期改善系统的低速性能并提高系统的控制精度,对于提高我国的交流伺服控制技术具有重要意义。文章的主要内容如下：在分析永磁同步电机工作原理的基础上,推导了永磁同步电机在两相旋转坐标系下的数学模型；分析了永磁同步电机定子电流中时间谐波和空间谐波的产生原因及其对电机输出转矩的影响,分析推导了永磁同步电机输出电流谐波的数学模型,得出永磁同步电机三相相电流中的高次谐波成分在d-q坐标系下转化为6次及其以上高次谐波,在电机的输出转矩中形成6次、12次及其以上的高次转矩脉振。针对永磁同步电机输出电流谐波的特点,提出采用自适应直接型FIR滤波器对定子电流进行滤波处理,推导并设计了d-q轴电流的自适应直接型FIR滤波器算法,实现了对永磁同步电机输出电流的滤波处理。在MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真平台上搭建了永磁同步电机矢量控制系统的仿真模型,在电流反馈通道加入自适应滤波算法模块,通过仿真对电流及转矩的输出波形分析,验证了自适应滤波算法的有效性。以TMS320F2812型号DSP为主控芯片,选用Infineon公司的功率MOSFET构造主回路,进行了永磁同步电机控制系统的软硬件设计,并着重对自适应直接型FIR滤波器算法进行了软件实现。基于所设计的硬件平台,进行实验对自适应滤波算法的效果进行验证,实验结果证明自适应滤波算法的有效性,可以滤除电机定子电流中的高次谐波并减小电机输出的转矩脉动,改善系统的低速性能,提高其控制精度。
[Abstract]:With the development of computer technology, modern control theory and microelectronic technology, the full digital vector control system of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) has been developed rapidly. It has been widely used in the fields of industry and agriculture, national defense military industry, aerospace and so on. However, because of the pulse width modulation method used in vector control, the non-ideal switching characteristics of power devices and the influence of PMSM's own structure, the high order harmonics exist in the output current of PMSM. The output torque ripple affects the low speed performance of the system and reduces the control precision of the system. In order to improve the low speed performance and improve the control precision of PMSM, the software processing method of stator current harmonics of PMSM is studied in this paper. It is of great significance to improve the AC servo control technology in China. The main contents of this paper are as follows: on the basis of analyzing the working principle of PMSM, the mathematical model of PMSM in two-phase rotating coordinate system is derived. The causes of time and space harmonics in stator current of permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and its influence on the output torque of PMSM are analyzed and the mathematical model of output current harmonics of PMSM is derived. It is concluded that the high-order harmonic components in the three-phase phase current of PMSM are converted into six or more high-order harmonics in d-q coordinate system, and the high-order torque pulsations of six times or more are formed in the output torque of PMSM. According to the characteristics of output current harmonics of PMSM, an adaptive direct FIR filter is proposed to filter stator current, and an adaptive direct FIR filter algorithm for d-q-axis current is derived and designed. The output current of permanent magnet synchronous motor is filtered. The simulation model of the vector control system of PMSM is built on the MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation platform. The adaptive filtering algorithm module is added to the current feedback channel, and the output waveform of the current and torque is analyzed by simulation. The validity of the adaptive filtering algorithm is verified. Taking TMS320F2812 model DSP as the main control chip and using the power MOSFET of Infineon company to construct the main loop, the hardware and software design of the PMSM control system is carried out, and the algorithm of adaptive direct FIR filter is implemented by software. Based on the designed hardware platform, experiments are carried out to verify the effect of the adaptive filtering algorithm. The experimental results show that the adaptive filtering algorithm is effective. It can filter the high order harmonics in the stator current of the motor, reduce the torque ripple of the motor output, improve the low speed performance of the system and improve its control precision.
【学位授予单位】：冶金自动化研究设计院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM341

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